Identify the Statements That Accurately Describe the Life of Olaudah Equiano

1. Olaudah Equiano a. wrote the eighteenth century’s most widely read autobiographical account of a slave’s own experiences. b. was popular with Europeans for telling them that their culture was far superior to that of Africans like himself. c. demonstrated in his writings that he perfectly fit the stereotype that blacks were savages incapable of becoming civilized. d. led several Central American slave insurrections before his death that prevented the plantation system from entering the region. e. was one of the few children of African-American and Native American descent ever to be the chief of his Indian tribe. ANS: A TOP: Civil Rights | Introduction DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 127 | Seagull p. 133 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 1. Explain how African slavery differed regionally in eighteenth-century North America. 2. What made Olaudah Equiano an atypical slave? a. He was fortunate enough to escape. b. He went directly from West Africa to Virginia. c. He survived the Middle Passage voyage. d. He led a rebellion. e. He was able to purchase his freedom. ANS: E TOP: Civil Rights | Introduction DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 127 | Seagull pp. 133–134 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 2. Identify the factors that led to distinct African-American cultures in the eighteenth century. 3. Olaudah Equiano’s life underscored what eighteenth-century theme? a. Slavery was going to continue to grow without the possibility of ending. b. It was ironic that some men in the British colonies were slaves while others had their rights expanded. c. The British and French empires were on a collision course in North America. d. Most Christian ministers opposed the enslavement of Africans. e. Slaves accepted their condition of bondage with little to no resistance. ANS: B TOP: Civil Rights | Introduction DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 127 | Seagull p. 134 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 1. Explain how African slavery differed regionally in eighteenth-century North America. 4. What did the British acquire from the Netherlands in the Treaty of Utrecht of 1713? a. sufficient gold to pay off the British national debt b. the right to trade at Dutch outposts in what is now South Africa c. the right to transport slaves from Africa to Spain’s New World colonies d. New Netherland, which was then renamed New York e. New Holland, which later became known as Australia ANS: C TOP: Economic Development | Slavery and Empire DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 128 | Seagull pp. 134–135 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 1. Explain how African slavery differed regionally in eighteenth-century North America. 5. What area was the major producer of revenue for the British crown in the eighteenth century? a. New England b. the Middle Colonies c. the Caribbean d. Benin e. North Africa ANS: C TOP: Slavery and Empire DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 128 | Seagull p. 135 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 1. Explain how African slavery differed regionally in eighteenth-century North America. 6. What was the significance of sugar, rice, coffee, and tobacco in the eighteenth century? a. The ease of growing these crops meant that fewer slaves needed to be imported from Africa. b. These products were the first mass consumer goods in international trade, and they were all produced by slaves. c. They were imported to the New World in massive quantities due to the region’s failure to produce such goods. d. They were staples whose importance paled in comparison to fish, rum, and indigo in the world market. e. They could only be grown in the West Indies, allowing the traders in that area to become massively wealthy. ANS: B TOP: Slavery and Empire DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 128 | Seagull p. 135 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 1. Explain how African slavery differed regionally in eighteenth-century North America. 7. As a result of the transatlantic slave trade, what European products became especially popular in Africa? a. textiles and guns b. wine and gold c. sugar and tobacco d. lumber and fish e. cotton and books ANS: A TOP: Slavery and Empire DIF: Easy REF: Full p. 130 | Seagull p. 137 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 1. Explain how African slavery differed regionally in eighteenth-century North America. 8. Which of the following is a true statement about the Atlantic slave trade’s effect in West Africa? a. It had little effect in West Africa, because more than 90 percent of enslaved people came from East Africa. b. It helped lead to the rise of militarized states in West Africa, whose large armies preyed upon their neighbors in order to capture slaves. c. It encouraged the expansion of West Africa’s domestic textile industry, which supplied clothing for slaves. d. It led to an increase in West Africa’s population during the 1700s, as slave traders encouraged women to have more children who would then be sold into slavery. e. It successfully united West African nations to resist European slave traders, who reluctantly ended the trade by 1763. ANS: B TOP: Slavery and Empire DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 130 | Seagull p. 137 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain how African slavery differed regionally in eighteenth-century North America. 9. What was the significance of Ashanti and Dahomey? a. Portugal controlled these trade ports in Asia. b. Europeans controlled these African cities. c. These African states became powerful through the slave trade. d. These port cities refused to participate in the slave trade. e. Olaudah Equiano’s father was chief of these kingdoms. ANS: C TOP: Slavery and Empire DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 130 | Seagull p. 137 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain how African slavery differed regionally in eighteenth-century North America. 10. Which of the following was a result of Europeans selling weapons to West African leaders? a. Wars between West African societies depleted the availability of slaves. b. West African societies fell under the total control of powerful European traders. c. Militarized states arose that used European weapons to capture slaves. d. West African militias began violently resisting attempts by Europeans to purchase slaves. e. Most West African tribes became impoverished due to the high cost of weapons. ANS: C TOP: Slavery and Empire DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 130 | Seagull p. 137 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain how African slavery differed regionally in eighteenth-century North America. 11. What was the Middle Passage? a. the journey from East Africa to West Africa b. the third leg of the triangular trade route; it primarily went to Europe c. a voyage across the Pacific Ocean to America d. the second leg of the trans-Atlantic trade e. the voyage taken by indentured servants ANS: D TOP: Slavery and Empire DIF: Difficult REF: Full p. 130 | Seagull p. 137 MSC: Analyzing OBJ: 1. Explain how African slavery differed regionally in eighteenth-century North America. 12. Which one of the following statements describes conditions experienced by those aboard ship during the Middle Passage? a. Slave traders’ lives were more at risk than the lives of the enslaved due to the high frequency of slave revolts during the journeys. b. Slaves were immediately put to work performing the many duties required to take a sailing vessel across the Atlantic. c. Slaves were separated by gender and locked into pens above deck, with no refuge from the weather. d. Slaves were inhumanely crowded into very small spaces and often chained to the deck. e. Slaves regularly exercised and were well fed so that they would arrive at markets in the New World looking strong and healthy. ANS: D TOP: Slavery and Empire DIF: Easy REF: Full p. 130 | Seagull p. 138 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 1. Explain how African slavery differed regionally in eighteenth-century North America. 13. In the Chesapeake region, slavery a. was geographically restricted to the Tidewater area until transportation improved in the nineteenth century. b. rapidly became the dominant labor system after 1680. c. was the labor system preferred by planters as early as the 1620s. d. allowed planters to make vast profits from cotton and rice as well as from tobacco. e. was so widely practiced that nearly three-fifths of white households in 1770 included a slaveowner. ANS: B TOP: Slavery and Empire DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 132 | Seagull p. 140 MSC: Understanding OBJ: 1. Explain how African slavery differed regionally in eighteenth-century North America. 14. What proportion of white Virginia families owned at least one slave in 1770? a. nearly 10 percent b. nearly 50 percent c. nearly 75 percent d. nearly 1 percent e. nearly 90 percent ANS: B TOP: Slavery and Empire DIF: Moderate REF: Full p. 132 | Seagull p. 140 MSC: Remembering OBJ: 1. Explain how African slavery differed regionally in eighteenth-century North America. 15. What differentiated slavery in New England and the Middle Colonies from slavery in the Southern colonies? a. Whereas most Protestant churches in New England and the Middle Colonies promoted slavery, Protestant churches in the South condemned the practice. b. Whereas New England and the Middle Colonies only had indentured servants as laborers, the South predominantly had slavery. c. Whereas New England and the Middle Colonies had nonplantation-based slavery, slavery in the South focused on the tobacco- and rice-based plantation systems.