Viruses' Function in Life

1 -Lecture Notes Viruses' Function in Life Viruses can have both positive and negative effects on human, animal, and plant life. Viruses generally cause harm to the body. The organism that serves as its host. Because they may infect humans, animals, and plants and cause sickness, viruses can be harmful. However, it turns out that some viruses are actually good, particularly for people. Here are some instances of these viral kinds. Viruses That Are Harmful To Humans Here are a few instances of viruses that are harmful to humans: Human Immunodeficiency Virus, or HIV 1. This virus targets T lymphocytes, which are white blood cells, and results in AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). The illness's symptoms are similar to a mix of several illness symptoms brought on by a compromised immune system. 2. Ebola virus (Ebola virus): This virus is the culprit behind the fatal Ebola outbreak. Infection The body's defence cells are attacked by this. The symptom is bleeding along with a temperature. 3. The hepatitis virus (HVP) Hepatitis B is caused by this virus. This virus damages liver cells, causing the victim's body and stomach to swell yellow. 4. The virus that causes measles Smallpox is caused by measles virus. This virus targets skin cells, causing fever and runny nose as early symptoms. Smallpox lesions eventually spread throughout the entire body, starting on the face. 5. Virus Herpes Simplex, Herpes is caused by this virus. This virus targets the skin, genitalia, and mucous membranes in the mouth. The illness manifests as blister-like rashes and discoloured skin. 6. Papillomavirus in humans, In humans, this virus causes warts. This virus can lead to cancer by attacking skin cells. Skin lumps develop as one of the symptoms. 7. Adenovirus: This virus can lead to uterine tumours in women and respiratory issues. signs of a computer virus. This is a menstrual-like stomach ache with a lump in the uterus (stomach). 8. Mump virus: This virus can cause parotitis or the mumps. Infection, This damages the parotid gland, resulting in jaw swelling or inflammation. 9. Orthomycovirus. Influenza is caused by orthodontia. The symptoms include fever, coughing, headaches, decreased appetite, shortness of breath, mucus discharge in the nasal cavity, and elevated body temperature. 2 -Lecture Notes 10. Viral rabies (Rabies virus), The neurological system of both humans and animals is attacked by the rabies virus. The name of this illness is "mad dog disease." When dogs, cats, or monkeys with rabies bite people, the disease is spread to them. Louis Pasteur made the initial discovery of the rabies vaccine. 11. The poliovirus causes poliomyelitis, This virus paralyzes the lower limbs' mobility by attacking the nerve system, specifically the toddlers' locomotor system (legs). The polio vaccination can be used to stop polio from occurring. Jonas Salk made several discoveries about the first polio vaccine. Viruses That Cause Physical Harm To Animals Animals can become ill from a variety of viruses. Among these virus kinds are: 1. Paramyxoviridae, This virus targets the neurological system of birds, such aschickens, and produces NCD (New Castle Disease). This illness is also known as parrot fever or Newcastle sickness. Coughing and diarrhea are signs of the illness. 2. Diseases of the Mouth and Foot, This virus attacks cattle, including cows, horses, buffalo, sheep, and donkeys, causing illnesses of the mouth and nails. 3. The Rhabdo virus, This virus causes rabies in animals (dogs, cats, and monkeys) by attacking their neurological systems. Humans can contract this illness by being bitten by an animal that has contracted rabies. 4. Virus of Rous Sarcoma (RSV), In hens, this virus causes tumor sickness. 5. Papillovirus in cattle, In cattle, this virus causes tumor illness. Pathogenic Viruses For Plants The tobacco mosaic virus, the tungro virus, and the CVPD virus are a few examples of viruses that are harmful to plants. This is the explanation that follows. 1. Tobacco Mosaic Virus: This virus causes tobacco leaves to develop mosaic disease (also known as tobacco mosaic virus, or TMV).The onset of yellow patches on tobacco leaves is one of the signs, which prevents tobacco leaves from growing. 2. Tungro Virus: This virus causes stunted (abnormal) growth in rice plants by attacking the stems and roots of the rice plants. Infection This is spread by insects, specifically green leafhoppers and brown planthoppers. 3 -Lecture Notes 3. The virus known as CVPD (Citrus Vein Phloem Degeneration), In orange stems and leaves, this virus produces degenerative illness, also known as tumor disease. In citrus trees, this virus targets the vascular system's phloem transporter. A lucrative virus The fact that viruses can be used as a vector in genetic engineering is one of their many advantageous properties. The use of viruses in gene cloning, or the process of creating genetically identical ADN for use in human medicine. Here are a few instances of several virus types: 1. Viruses that produce the hormone insulin, which is used to treat diabetes mellitus. In the sphere of medicine, this engineering is helpful. 2. Viruses that are helpful in suppressing insects that could harm the actual plant. Thus, it can be applied to agricultural pest eradication. 3. Gene therapy viruses. A hereditary condition brought on by genetic inheritance can be cured with gene therapy. Preventing The Spread Of Viruses Both restorative and preventive actions can be done to avert viral attacks. Vaccination is the process of administering a vaccine via injection as a preventive strategy. A material known as a vaccine includes pathogenic (disease-causing) bacteria that have been rendered less potent. The vaccination offers active immunity and can be administered. In the meanwhile, treating patients with virus-caused illnesses with medication is the curative measure. Thus, this is the response to a virus attack. There are currently a number of vaccines available to prevent viral diseases. Here are a few of them: 1. The smallpox vaccine, which guards against the disease. 2. A vaccine against polio is used to prevent it. The vaccination against measles is the third option. 3. The Hepatitis A, B, and C vaccine, which guards against the disease. 4. Rabies vaccination, which guards against rabies. 5. The influenza vaccine, which guards against the illness. We have now completed our discussion of viruses. Afterwards You must complete this independent task to learn more about the function of viruses in human life. Proceed to answer the Competency Test questions.