Worksheet Urinary System Answers

BIO 111 Section _______________ Name __________________________ Date ____________________ Worksheet Urinary System ANSWERS Trace a drop of urine as it forms as filtrate and flows through the kidney. __3__ Loop of Henle __5__ Collecting duct __4__ Distal convoluted tubule __8__ Major calyx __9__ Renal pelvis __11__ Urinary bladder __12__ Urethra __1__ Bowman’s capsule __7__ Minor calyx __10_ Ureter __2__ Proximal convoluted tubule __6__ Papillary duct (Renal papilla) 1 Match the renal structure with its function. Renal corpuscle Loop of Henle Distal convoluted tubule (DCT) Collecting duct Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) ____ Renal corpuscle ___________ Filtration of plasma _ Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)_ Reabsorption of 60-70% of water _ Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)_ Reabsorption of 99-100% of organic nutrients _ Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)_ Reabsorption of 60-70% of sodium and chloride ions _____ Loop of Henle ___________ Reabsorption of water (descending limb) _____ Loop of Henle ___________ Reabsorption of water and sodium and chloride ions (ascending limb) _____ Loop of Henle ___________ Creation of concentration gradient in medulla __ Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)__ Secretion of ions, acids, drugs, toxins __ Distal convoluted tubule (DCT)__ Variable reabsorption of water and sodium and calcium ions (under hormonal control) ____ Collecting duct ___________ Variable reabsorption of water ____ Collecting duct ___________ Reabsorption or secretion of sodium, potassium, hydrogen, and bicarbonate ions --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Countercurrent Multiplication is a positive feedback loop which creates an osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney. Place the steps in correct order. __2___ The pumping elevates the osmotic concentration in the peritubular fluid around the descending limb. __3__ The result is an osmotic flow of water out of the filtrate held in the descending limb and into the peritubular fluid. 2 __1__ Sodium and chloride are pumped out of the filtrate in the ascending limb and into the peritubular fluid. __4__ The arrival of highly concentrated solution in the ascending limb accelerates transport of sodium and chloride ions into peritubular fluid in medulla. Fill in the Blank: These hormones and enzymes are used in urine regulation, match the correct hormone/enzyme with its effect. Answers may be used more than once or not at all. Aldosterone Renin Angiotensinogen Angiotensin II Angiotensin I Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Natriuretic Peptide (ANP & BNP) Erythropoietin Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) _______ Renin _______________ A drop in filtration pressure causes Juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) to release ______ Angiotensin I __________ Converted to angiotensin II by ACE _______ACE_________________ Converts anginotensinogen to angiotensin I ______Angiotensin II__________ Causes constriction of efferent arteriole ______Angiotensin II __________ Increased sodium ion reabsorption at PCT ______ Angiotensin II _________ Stimulates aldosterone production from adrenal cortex _______Aldosterone ___________ Increased sodium ion reabsorption at DCT _______ Angiotensin II _________ Causes sensation of thirst _______ Angiotensin II _________ Triggers release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) _______ Aldosterone ___________ Stimulates reabsorption of water in DCT and collecting system _______ Angiotensin II _________ Causes vasoconstriction of peripheral arterioles 3 ____ Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)__ Stimulates reabsorption of water in DCT and collecting system _Natriuretic Peptides (ANP & BNP) Oppose the effects of ADH _Natriuretic Peptides (ANP & BNP) Stimulates production of a large volume of dilute urine The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System is a negative feedback system that corrects a decrease in plasma volume in the kidneys. Place the steps in correct order. __1__ A decrease in Extracellular Fluid (ECF) volume causes; __4__ Triggers the kidneys to release renin which acts on; __6__ Which produces Angiotensin I (a more active protein); __3__ Decrease in arterial blood pressure which; __5__ The liver to release Angiotensinogen (an inactive protein); __2__ Decrease in plasma volume causes; __7__ This causes the lungs to release the enzyme Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) which catalyzes angiotensin I to; __11_ Na+ reabsorption which causes a; __13_ This results in a decrease in H2O excretion; __12_ Decrease in Na+ excretion and an increase in osmotic reabsorption of H2O; __8__ Angiotensin II (which is the active form); __10_ Aldosterone which causes; __9__ This triggers the adrenal cortex to secrete; 4 __14__ This leads to an increase in retention of Na+ and H2O, 5