Which Ocean Formed As a Direct Result of the Breakup of Pangaea

1. Which ocean formed as a direct result of the breakup of Pangaea? Atlantic 2. The molten material that is generated above the subducting slab A) is all incorporated into the asthenosphere B) contributes material to form volcanoes C) is deposited in the trenches D) becomes part of the core 3. What is true of the apparent polar wandering? A) There is only one magnetic pole, and it is the continents that wander. B) Eurasia and North America have never been connected. C) The magnetic pole wanders all over the globe, so sometimes it is near the equator. D) There were two magnetic poles in times past, and now there is one. 4. A major problem with Wegener's Continental Drift Hypothesis was that he could not find ________ to explain his theory. A) evidence of a coastline fit B) fossil evidence C) a viable mechanism D) glacial deposits 5. What is a typical rate for seafloor spreading? 2 cm/yr 6. Oceanic lithosphere subducts (sinks into the asthenosphere) because ________. old oceanic lithosphere is more dense that the asthenosphere 7. Some ________-rich minerals will align themselves with the existing magnetic field when the magma ________. A) silica; warms B) iron; cools C) silica; cools D) iron; warms 8. What are the types of plate boundaries? Transform, convergent, divergent 9. How do plates move at divergent plate boundaries? Plates move apart 10. How do plates move at convergent plate boundaries? Plates move toward one another 11. How do plates move at transform plate boundaries? Plates slide past one another 12. What forms at divergent plate boundaries? New oceanic lithosphere 13. In general, where do volcanoes form in subduction zones? A) on the overriding plate, at the convergent boundary B) on the overriding plate, away from the convergent boundary C) on the subducting plate, away from the convergent boundary D) on the subducting plate, at the convergent boundary 14. Why do scientists think that lithosphere has to be destroyed somewhere on or in the earth? A) There is not enough lithosphere on the earth to account for what has been produced in the last 200 million years. B) The earth is getting smaller as the new oceanic crust cools and contracts. C) Lithosphere is created at divergent boundaries and the earth is not getting any larger. D) The moon is moving away from the earth and this would not happen if the earth had more lithosphere to increase its mass. 15. New York and London are on two separate plates so the distance between the cities is ________. Increasing 16. Oceanic crust has a ________ composition and therefore is ________- than continental crust. A) felsic; heavier B) felsic; lighter C) mafic; lighter D) mafic; heavier 17. The asthenosphere is the second layer of Earth characterized by ________. A) layers of both hard and soft rocks B) magma C) soft rocks that flow easily D) hard rocks that break 18. Oceanic island arcs are similar to continental volcanic arcs in that ________. A) continental arcs make islands that are arc-shaped B) oceanic islands arcs form by the same mechanism as continental arcs C) major continental mountain ranges formed from island arcs D) oceanic island arcs form on continents when oceanic lithosphere is subducted 19. Which of the following locations is a modern-day example of an active continental rift? A) West coast of South America B) Alpine Fault in New Zealand C) Himalayan Mountain range D) Aleutian Island arc E) East Africa and the Red Sea 20. Where are tectonic plates located? At Earth’s surface 21. Which of the following statements about earthquakes with magnitude greater than 4.0 is most accurate? A) Earthquakes with magnitude greater than 4.0 occur in a pattern than correlates closely with hot spots. B) Earthquakes with magnitude greater than 4.0 occur in a pattern than correlates loosely with plate boundaries. C) Earthquakes with magnitude greater than 4.0 occur in a pattern than correlates loosely with hot spots. D) Earthquakes with magnitude greater than 4.0 occur in a pattern than correlates closely with plate boundaries. 22. Which plate boundary is NOT associated with volcanic eruptions? Transform 23. Which phenomenon can explain the presence of volcanoes in the middle of the Pacific Ocean? Hot spots 24. Which type of plate boundary is most closely associated with uplifting continental regions and mountain building? Convergent Boundaries 25. Where does new lithosphere form? At divergent plate boundaries 26. Fossils from the sea floor become ________ with increased distance from the ridges. A) less silica-rich B) older C) better preserved D)hotter 27. Which convection model suggests that cold oceanic lithosphere sinks to great depths? A) slab pull B) layer cake C) whole mantle D) ridge push 28. All of Earth's ocean basins are ________. A) less than 20 million years old B) less than 200 million years old C) less than 2 million years old D) less than 2000 million years old 29. Plate tectonic boundaries were first identified by ________. A) mapping continental margins B) mapping the mountain chains C) mapping earthquakes and volcanoes D) mapping subduction zone 30. When two continents converge, ________. A) a volcanic arc forms on the upper plate B) the heavier continent is subducted C) the sediments trapped between them are pushed up and deformed to make a mountain range D) the lighter continent is subducted 31. What is GPS (Global Positioning System) used for in the study of plate tectonics? A) It measures age of a plate. B) It measures elevation of a plate. C) It measures velocity of a plate. D) It measures paleomagnetism. 32. The Himalayas formed as a result of ________. A) an ocean-continent convergence B) a continent-continent convergence C) a hot spot D) an ocean-ocean convergence 33. Where would you expect to see deep ocean trenches? A) Oceanic-oceanic convergent boundaries B) Transform boundaries C) Continental rift valleys D) Oceanic ridges E) Continental-continental convergent boundaries 34. The Hawaiian Island-Emperor Seamount chain formed as a result of ________. A) hot spot activities B) convergent plate boundary activities C) transform plate boundary activities D) divergent plate boundary activities 35. Continental rifts are formed by _____ forces. Extensional 36. Decompression melting occurs when the _______ (asthenosphere or lithosphere) upwells. asthenosphere 37. A ____ fault separates the basin from the adjacent uplifted mountains. normal 38. During extension, the lithosphere _____ ( thins or thickens). 39. a basin formed by crustal extension. Graben 40. Alfred Wegener developed the theory of ________. A) sea floor stripes B) plate tectonics C) slab-pull D) continental drift 41. ________ was (were) never proposed as evidence supporting the existence of Pangaea. A) Islands of Precambrian rocks along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge B) Similar fossils on different continents C) Late Paleozoic glacial features D) Geometrical fit between South America and Africa 42. An identifying characteristic of convergent boundaries is ________. A) seamounts and atolls on the seafloor B) deep, linear trenches in the seafloor C) linear mountain chains on the seafloor D) long linear valleys with faults along the sides 43. Wegener's work is a good demonstration of the scientific method because ________. A) he was wrong, and as a result, no one believed him B) his hypothesis did not pass all of the scientific tests to become a theory C) he was right, but no one believed him D) his hypothesis passed all of the scientific testing to become a theory