Chapter 2 Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons True False

2.2 True/False Questions 1) The Solar System, Sun, and Earth formed about 4.6 billion years ago. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.1 The Solar System, Sun, and Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.1 Distinguish between galaxies, stars, and planets. 2) The Milky Way galaxy contains approximately 300 billion stars, of which the Sun is an average sized star. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.1 The Solar System, Sun, and Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.1 Distinguish between galaxies, stars, and planets. 3) The Milky Way is about 100 000 light-years from side to side. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.1 The Solar System, Sun, and Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.1 Distinguish between galaxies, stars, and planets. 4) At the speed of light, Earth is an average of only 6 minutes and 40 seconds from the Sun. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.1 The Solar System, Sun, and Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.1 Distinguish between galaxies, stars, and planets. 5) A light-year is an astronomical unit of length equal to approximately 9.5 trillion kilometres. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.1 The Solar System, Sun, and Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 3/4 Application/Analysis LO: 2.1 Distinguish between galaxies, stars, and planets. 6) Earth is closest to the Sun in early January. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.1 The Solar System, Sun, and Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.2 Locate Earth in the Solar System and Galaxy. 75 7) Our solar system is located towards the middle of the Milky Way galaxy. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.1 The Solar System, Sun, and Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.2 Locate Earth in the Solar System and Galaxy. 8) Earth is farthest from the Sun at perihelion and closest at aphelion. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.1 The Solar System, Sun, and Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.2 Locate Earth in the Solar System and Galaxy. 9) Earth is closest to the Sun in early July. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.1 The Solar System, Sun, and Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.2 Locate Earth in the Solar System and Galaxy. 10) The axis of Earth is titled 19.5° relative to the plane of the ecliptic. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.1 The Solar System, Sun, and Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.2 Locate Earth in the Solar System and Galaxy. 11) According to the planetesimal hypothesis, solar systems condense from nebular dust and gas. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.1 The Solar System, Sun, and Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.3 Summarize the origin, formation, and development of Earth. 12) In order to study the planetesimal hypothesis, astronomers study this process in other parts of the Galaxy. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.1 The Solar System, Sun, and Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 3/4 Application/Analysis LO: 2.3 Summarize the origin, formation, and development of Earth. 76 13) The distance from the Sun to Earth does not vary throughout the year. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.1 The Solar System, Sun, and Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 14) The principal outputs from the Sun consist of the solar wind and radiant energy. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.2 Solar Energy: From Sun to Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.5 Describe the Sun's operation. 15) A solar maximum is a period during which sunspots are numerous. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.2 Solar Energy: From Sun to Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.5 Describe the Sun's operation. 16) The electromagnetic spectrum only shows the wavelengths associated with solar radiation. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.2 Solar Energy: From Sun to Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.7 Explain the characteristics of the electromagnetic spectrum of radiant energy. 17) The electromagnetic spectrum of radiant energy travels in waves at the speed of light in all directions from the Sun. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.2 Solar Energy: From Sun to Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.7 Explain the characteristics of the electromagnetic spectrum of radiant energy. 18) Auroras are associated with massive bursts of solar wind called coronal mass ejections. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.2 Solar Energy: From Sun to Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.6 Explain the characteristics of the solar wind. 77 19) The Sun emits radiant energy composed almost entirely of ultraviolet and gamma-ray wavelengths. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.2 Solar Energy: From Sun to Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.6 Explain the characteristics of the solar wind. 20) Auroras are mainly visible at lower latitudes, from the equator to about 15° N/S. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.2 Solar Energy: From Sun to Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.6 Explain the characteristics of the solar wind. 21) Shorter wavelengths tend to have a lower frequency. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.2 Solar Energy: From Sun to Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.7 Explain the characteristics of the electromagnetic spectrum of radiant energy. 22) The correct order for wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, from shortest to longest is: X-rays, infrared, radio waves, visible light, and ultraviolet. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.2 Solar Energy: From Sun to Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.7 Explain the characteristics of the electromagnetic spectrum of radiant energy. 23) Radiant energy from the Sun is composed primarily of visible light and infrared wavelengths. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.2 Solar Energy: From Sun to Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.7 Explain the characteristics of the electromagnetic spectrum of radiant energy. 24) Earth radiates energy primarily in the ultraviolet wavelengths. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.2 Solar Energy: From Sun to Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.7 Explain the characteristics of the electromagnetic spectrum of radiant energy. 78 25) Intercepted solar energy is called insolation and is measured as the solar constant at the top of the atmosphere. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.2 Solar Energy: From Sun to Earth Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.8 Illustrate the interception of solar energy and its uneven distribution at the top of the atmosphere. 26) The magnetosphere deflects the solar wind toward the two poles on Earth. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.6 Explain the characteristics of the solar wind. 27) The amount of the solar energy received by a given location varies depending upon the season. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 28) All points on the surface of Earth experience the subsolar point at some moment during the year. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.9 Define solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength. 29) The solar constant varies by latitude. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.8 Illustrate the interception of solar energy and its uneven distribution at the top of the atmosphere. 30) The height of the Sun in the sky above the horizon is termed its altitude. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.9 Define solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength. 79 31) Seasonality involves the variability of both daylength and the altitude of the Sun. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 32) The speed of the rotation of Earth is fastest at the poles. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.4 Reconstruct Earth's annual orbit about the Sun. 33) Rotation is the motion of Earth on its axis; revolution is the motion of Earth about the Sun. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.4 Reconstruct Earth's annual orbit about the Sun. 34) The rotation of Earth is gradually slowing. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.4 Reconstruct Earth's annual orbit about the Sun. 35) The axis of Earth is tilted 23.5° from a perpendicular to the plane of the ecliptic. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 36) The axial alignment of Earth varies throughout the year. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 80 37) Earth rotates east to west, or clockwise, when viewed from above the North Pole. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 3/4 Application/Analysis LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 38) The subsolar point is at the Tropic of Cancer on December 21. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 39) All places on Earth experience approximately the same daylength on March 21. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 40) The Sun is directly overhead north of 23.5° N latitude twice a year. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 41) The June solstice marks the beginning of Southern Hemisphere winter. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 42) Twilight is the period of diffused light that occurs before sunrise. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 81 43) On the summer solstice in the northern hemisphere, areas above Arctic Circle are completely within the circle of illumination. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 44) The maximum latitude of the subsolar point is 47° N/S. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 45) The beginning of Northern Hemisphere spring occurs when the subsolar point is at the Tropic of Cancer. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 46) The Sun rises at the North Pole on the March equinox and remains over the horizon for the following six months. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 1/2 Knowledge/Comprehension LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 47) Lower latitudes experience the greatest seasonal variation throughout an average year. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 5/6 Synthesis/Evaluation LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 82 48) The uneven distribution of insolation at the thermopause is caused by the curvature of Earth, with only the subsolar point receiving sunlight from directly overhead. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 3/4 Application/Analysis LO: 2.8 Illustrate the interception of solar energy and its uneven distribution at the top of the atmosphere. 49) The seasons are caused by the changing amounts of energy received on Earth as a result of the elliptical orbit. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 3/4 Application/Analysis LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 50) The spherical shape of Earth is not a factor with regard to seasonality. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.3 The Seasons Bloom's Taxonomy: 3/4 Application/Analysis LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 51) While seasonality can affect humans, humans cannot affect seasonality. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.4 The Human Denominator Bloom's Taxonomy: 5/6 Synthesis/Evaluation LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 52) Longer autumns and earlier springs caused by climate change have lengthened the growing season in the Canada and the United States. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Type: TF Chapter/section: 2.4 The Human Denominator Bloom's Taxonomy: 5/6 Synthesis/Evaluation LO: 2.10 Describe the annual variability of solar altitude, solar declination, and daylength— Earth's seasonality. 83