Kinetic and Potential Energy Worksheet

Kinetic and Potential Energy Worksheet KEY Name ___________________________ Classify the following as a type of potential energy or kinetic energy (use the letters K or P) 1. A bicyclist pedaling up a hill K _____ 2. An archer with his bow drawn P _____ 3. A volleyball player spiking a ball K _____ 4. A baseball thrown to second base K _____ 5. The chemical bonds in sugar _____ 6. The wind blowing through your hair _____ 7. Walking down the street K _____ 8. Sitting in the top of a tree P _____ 10. A bowling ball sitting on the rack P _____ P K 9. A bowling ball rolling down the alley _____ K What examples can you find in your home that are examples of kinetic and potential energy? (name two for each type of energy) radio, lamp, dishwasher 11. Kinetic: __________________________________________________________________________ bicycle, T.V. piano 12. Kinetic: __________________________________________________________________________ food, batteries, magnets 13. Potential: _________________________________________________________________________ gasoline, propane, running shoes 14. Potential: _________________________________________________________________________ Kinetic Energy 3 what does it depend on? faster greater the KE The an object moves, the mass greater the KE The greater the of a moving object, the mass and velocity Kinetic energy depends on both it has. it has. . Solve the following word problems using the kinetic and potential energy formulas (Be sure to show your work!) Formulas: KE = 0.5 ámá v2 v = velocity or speed m = mass in kg OR PE = mágáh g = 10 m/s/s h = height in meters 15. You serve a volleyball with a mass of 2.1 kg. The ball leaves your hand with a speed of 30 m/s. The ball has __________________ energy. Calculate it. 945 J 16. A baby carriage is sitting at the top of a hill that is 21 m high. The carriage with the baby has a mass of 1.5 kg. The carriage has _________________ energy. Calculate it. 308.7 J 17. A car is traveling with a velocity of 40 m/s and has a mass of 1120 kg. The car has _____________ energy. Calculate it. 8.96 x 10^5 J 18. A cinder block is sitting on a platform 20 m high. It weighs 7.9 kg. The block has _______________ energy. Calculate it. 1548.4 J 19. A roller coaster is at the top of a 72 m hill and weighs 134 kg. The coaster (at this moment) has ____________ energy. Calculate it. 9.4550 x 10^4 J 20. There is a bell at the top of a tower that is 45 m high. The bell weighs 19 kg. The bell has ________________ energy. Calculate it. 8 379 J 21. Determine the kinetic energy of a 1000-kg roller coaster car that is moving with a speed of 20.0 m/s. 200 000 J 22. If the roller coaster car in the above problem were moving with twice the speed, then what would be its new kinetic energy? 800 000 J 23. A cart is loaded with a brick and pulled at constant speed along an inclined plane to the height of a seat-top. If the mass of the loaded cart is 3.0 kg and the height of the seat top is 0.45 meters, then what is the potential energy of the loaded cart at the height of the seat-top? 13.23 J 24. A 75-kg refrigerator is located on the 70th floor of a skyscraper (300 meters above the ground) What is the potential energy of the refrigerator? 2.205 x 10^5 J 25. The potential energy of a 40-kg cannon ball is 14000 J. How high was the cannon ball to have this much potential energy? 35.71 m IF most of the energy we use on earth comes from the sun 3 how does that energy (light and thermal) end up chemical As energy in our food mechanical As energy of wind or moving water electrical As energy that powers our lights mechanical As energy when we move around Law of Conservation of Energy created nor destroyed Energy can be neither by ordinary means. transformed Energy can be from one form to another. same energy The total amount of is the before and after any energy transformation. Energy Transfer transfer of energy Energy TRANSFER is the from one object to another object. thermal Example: A cup of hot tea has energy. Some of this thermal energy is transferred to the particles in cold milk, in which you put to make the coffee cooler. Energy Transformation A change from one form of energy to another. Single Transformations one energy Occur when form of needs to be transformed into another to get work done. Multiple Transformations series Occur when a of energy transformations are needed to do work An objects energy can be: increases increases As velocity kinetic energy and potential energy decreases decreases increases As velocity kinetic energy and potential energy decreases WHAT IS THE TYPE OF RELATIONSHIP KE AND PE HAVE? inverse Roller Coasters Does energy get transferred or transformed? As you move up to the first hill on a roller coaster the distance between the coaster and the Earth increases GPE , resulting in an increase of maximum At the top of the first hill you have the Gravitational Potential Energy increase As you begin your trip down the hill you your speed resulting in a GPE to KE transformation from . KE is maximum At the bottom of the hill right before it goes back upward the , but the GPE is zero As it starts to move up the next hill or loop KE is transformed back into GPE