Chapter 6 Early Childhood Psychosocial Development Part 1

Name: _________________________ Score: ______ / ______ TestBanks Chapter 6 Early Childhood: Psychosocial Development 1 The preeminent psychosocial accomplishment between the ages of 2 and 6 is learning when and how to: A. make friends. B. know right from wrong. C. regulate emotions. D. make choices. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: C 2 An angry 5-year-old girl might stop herself from hitting another child because she has developed: A. social referencing. B. self-esteem. C. identification. D. emotional regulation. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: D 3 Erikson called the psychosocial developmental stage that occurs between 3 and 6 years of age: A. initiative versus guilt. B. industry versus inferiority. C. the preoperational stage. D. autonomy versus inferiority. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: A 4 William is at the toy store and sees a construction set. He asks his dad if he can have it for his birthday. His dad asks him if he thinks he would be able to use it. William reminds his dad that he is good at building with blocks. What does this example demonstrate? A. William's dad's inappropriate questioning of William's initiative B. William's need to prove himself worthy to his father C. William's positive self-concept D. William's sense of shame and doubt Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: C 5 Jared, age 5, describes himself as a good soccer player with black hair who laughs a lot. His description demonstrates his developing: A. self-esteem. B. self-concept. C. self-deprecation. D. self-criticism. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: B 6 Two-year-old Julia repeatedly exclaims, “Me do it!” when her mother tries to help her. Although this behavior is frustrating, her mother understands that doing things independently will develop Julia's sense of: A. initiative. B. trust. C. integrity. D. emotional regulation. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: A 7 According to Erikson, children have _____, and thus believe that they can achieve any goal. A. a sense of self-doubt B. a weak self-concept C. strong feelings of guilt D. an unrealistic self-concept Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: D 8 Which factor helps a young child to demonstrate initiative as Erikson details it in his third stage of psychosocial development? A. neurological maturity and a longer attention span B. a child's sense of guilt and shame C. a decrease in the child's emotional regulation D. apprenticeship opportunities offered by a child's parents Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: A 9 _____ makes children believe that they will be good at anything they try to do. A. Overwhelming pride B. Protective optimism C. Extrinsic motivation D. Intrinsic motivation Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: B 10 The desire to pursue a goal that comes from within a person is called: A. extensive motivation. B. extrinsic motivation. C. intrinsic motivation. D. intensive drive. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: C 11 A child having an imaginary friend is an example of: A. self-control. B. intrinsic motivation. C. extrinsic motivation. D. protective optimism. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: B 12 Jaspreet frequently plays the piano whenever her family has guests because she enjoys the praise and attention that she receives. When alone, however, Jaspreet rarely plays the piano. Jaspreet's motivation: A. needs to be reinforced by her parents. B. brings her great pleasure. C. is mostly extrinsic. D. will persist through adulthood. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: C 13 In 1973, Lepper and colleagues conducted an experiment in which children did drawings. Some of the children were promised a reward while others received a surprise reward. The researchers found that the children who received the expected award for drawing: A. had higher levels of self-esteem. B. became adults who were artists. C. demonstrated better emotional regulation. D. were unlikely to draw independently at a later time. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: D 14 Regulation of which emotion is MOST emphasized in the United States? A. anger B. guilt C. fear D. pride Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: C 15 Children with a parent who has schizophrenia are likely to: A. struggle with emotional regulation. B. develop a sense of shame. C. experience high levels of pride. D. imitate their parent's mental illness. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: A 16 The clinical term for an illness or disorder of the mind is referred to as: A. psychopathology. B. emotional instability. C. insanity. D. mental disturbance. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: A 17 When 4-year-old Karen is angry, she lashes out by hitting. This is an example of: A. an internalizing problem. B. an externalizing problem. C. modulated emotional expression. D. frustration management. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: B 18 _____ are marked by excessive guilt, withdrawal, or fearfulness. A. Extrinsic motivations B. Intrinsic motivations C. Internalizing problems D. Externalizing problems Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: C 19 The youngest age at which children are unlikely to throw a temper tantrum is _____ years. A. 2 B. 4 C. 5 D. 8 Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: B 20 Girls usually develop emotional regulation _____ boys. A. later than B. at the same age as C. earlier than D. two years before Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: C 21 In a study conducted by Zahn-Waxler, et al., 5-year-old girls acted out a disagreement between two female dolls. The researchers discovered that girls who _____ were more apt to be disruptive at age 9 than other girls. A. quickly engaged in apologetic behavior B. did not quickly engage in apologetic behavior C. made the dolls hit and kick each other D. had the dolls stop speaking to each other Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: A 22 According to the text, mistreatment may make boys more vulnerable to _____ problems and girls more vulnerable to _____ problems. A. reparative; aggressive B. aggressive; reparative C. externalizing; internalizing D. internalizing; externalizing Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: C 23 Young children usually play best with: A. their peers. B. their parents. C. older children. D. their younger siblings. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: A 24 Which statement is true? A. Parents around the world play with their children regularly. B. The ways children play are identical around the world. C. Children's play reflects their culture's practices and values. D. Children in North American who engage in parallel play are developmentally delayed. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: C 25 Which is NOT one of the types of play identified by Mildred Parten? A. personal play B. associative play C. onlooker play D. parallel play Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: A 26 Which is NOT a form of play engaged in by young children in all cultures? A. imitating adults B. drawing C. rough-and-tumble D. flying kites Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: D 27 Many developmentalists are concerned that modern children spend too little time: A. playing alone. B. in rough-and-tumble play. C. imitating adults. D. engaged in active play. Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: D 28 According to the text, people in _____ believe that preschoolers do not need instruction. As a result, their 3-year-old children spend little time engaged in structured learning activities. A. Norway B. Brazil C. Kenya D. China Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: B 29 Billy and Rodney are both building with construction bricks. They are sitting apart, each with his own set of bricks. What type of play is this? A. cooperative play B. parallel play C. onlooker play D. solitary play Answer Point Value: 1.0 points Answer Key: B