Nutrition Practice B focus review Health Promotion and Maintenance Ante/Intra/Postpartum and Newborn Care - (1) o Nutrition Across the Lifespan: Interventions for Nausea During Pregnancy  Nurse may offer dry crackers, toast, and salty or tart foods.  Avoid alcohol, caffeine, fats, and spices.  Avoid drinking fluids with fluids  Avoid auto medication since medications poses risk for pregnancy. Elimination - (1) o Gastrointestinal Disorders: Teaching for a Client Who Has an Ileostomy   Teaching mostly helps patient with controlling flatus and odor Teach patient that foods like fish, eggs, asparagus, garlic, beans, and dark green leafy vegetables. And teach client that foods like buttermilk, cranberry juice, parsley, and yogurt help to decrease odor.  Avoid foods high in fiber for the first 2 months after surgery, chew well, increase fluid intake, and evaluate for evidence of blockage when slowly adding high fiber foods to the diet. Nutrition and Oral Hydration - (3) o Cancer and Immunosuppression Disorders: Interventions for Treatment-Related Changes in Taste o o  Encourage patient to use sauces and seasonings for added flavor  Provide patient with plastic utensils to avoid the metallic taste  Eat small frequent meals Gastrointestinal Disorders: Teaching a Client Who Has a Colostomy  Proper appliance fit and maintenance prevent odor when pouch is not open.  Chewing gum, skipping meals, and smoking can also cause gas.  Yogurt, crackers, and toast can also help reducing gas. Sources of Nutrition: Increased Risk for Dysrhythmias  Hyperkalemia can cause dysrhythmias. (Potassium > 5.0 mEq/L is considered hyperkalemia).  This results from excess intake of potassium, movement of potassium out of the cell, or inadequate kidney excretion.  Increase risk of cardiac arrest, rapid treatment is needed, glucose and insulin are administered to bring potassium into the cells. Reduction of Risk Potential Laboratory Values - (1) o Nutrition Assessment/Data Collection: Laboratory Findings to Report  Prealbumin has a expected rage is 15 to 36 mg/dL (less than that indicates severe nutritional deficiency). Reflects gradual changes rather than acute.   Levels can be use to measure effectiveness of TPN Levels decrease with inflammatory process resulting in an inaccurate measurement. Physiological Adaptation Illness Management - (1) o Noninflammatory Bowel Disorders: Teaching About Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome  Controlling every day stress is key  Avoid foods that are gas-forming, caffeine, and alcohol  Encourage high fiber and fluids.  Keep food intake record and bowel patterns as this will help with diet adaptation.

Nutrition Practice B Focus Review

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