Cosmetology Chemistry: Matter, Elements, and Hair Composition

Pivot Point Salon Fundamentals Cosmetology Chemistry Question "The term used to identify anything that occupies space is called:" "Melting ice changes water from a solid to a liquid. Boiling water changes water from a liquid to a gas. These are examples of what type of change?" "Atoms make up elements. Elements make up matter. Therefore all matter is comprised of:" "All matter that is living or once was living contains carbon and deals with:" "Basic substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances are called:" "Atoms that are the same form a(n):" "Two or more atoms joined together by a chemical bond is a(n):" "When two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom the result is water which is called a(n):" "Carbon nitrogen oxygen and hydrogen are the building blocks of:" "What is created when amino acids join together in chains?" "What makes up the primary composition of hair?" "Which bonds found in the hair can be easily broken by heat or water?" "The bonds found within hair that help organize protein chains in order to build hair are called:" "What is the side bond that is of the greatest concern to the salon professional?" "Describe in basic terms how human hair is formed?" "Substances of acidic or alkaline nature dissolve in water and/or contain:" "A solution that has more positive hydrogen ions than negative hydroxide ions is:" "A pH of 5 is how many more times acidic than a pH of 6?" "Distilled water with a pH of 7 is considered:" "In what pH range is skin and hair?" "In the process of making a cup of instant hot chocolate what would the powdered chocolate represent?" "A mixture of two or more kinds of molecules evenly dispersed would be a(n):" "A substance that is able to dissolve another substance is called a(n):" "The instructions on a product state to shake well before use which indicates this product is probably a(n):" "What is formed when two or more non-mixable substances are united with the help of a binder?" "Mixtures of organic substances and a medicinal agent are:" "Mixtures of fats and oils converted to fatty acids by heat and then purified fall under which of the following classifications?" "Which type of cosmetic requires sifting until free of coarse gritty particles?" "Which of the following classifications would identify emulsions that are generally used by salon professionals?" Answer "matter" "physical" "atoms" "organic chemistry" "elements" "element" "molecule" "compound" "amino acids" "proteins" "keratin" "hydrogen bonds" "side bonds" "disulfide bond" "protein chains connect to other protein chains" "water" "acidic" 10 "neutral" "4.5 to 5.5" "solute" "solution" "solvent" "suspension" "emulsion" "ointments" "soaps" "powder" "oil-in-water emulsion" "Which term means non-mixable?" "Cleaning the hair and scalp and removing all foreign matter without adversely affecting either the scalp or hair is called:" "The primary ingredient of most shampoos is:" "If water contains certain salts of calcium magnesium and other metals it is classified as:" "What is the name given to purifying water by passing it through a porous substance?" "Which shampoo type is formulated to have the same pH as the hair and skin?" "Which shampoo would NOT be used for color-treated or damaged hair?" "Which shampoo would most likely be used to remove product build-up?" "Which shampoo would generally be recommended for an individual who is ill and bedridden?" "Which shampoo type is designed to treat scalp and hair problems or disorders?" "Which shampoo contains temporary color molecules that adhere to the hair and deposit color?" "Which conditioner will penetrate into the damaged hair shaft and deposit proteins into the cortex?" "immiscible" "The main ingredients found in most neutralizers are:" "hydrogen peroxide sodium perborate or sodium bromate" "shampooing" "deionized water" "hard water" "filtration" "acid-balanced shampoo" "plain shampoo" "clarifying shampoo" "powder dry shampoo" "medicated shampoo" "color shampoo" "body-building conditioner" "The color molecules in permanent hair color enter the hair with "an alkaline substance" the aid of:" "a substance loses an electron and oxygen is "What occurs during oxidation?" acquired" "Oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide have the ability to "oxygen" release:" "Which components are contained within temporary colors?" "certified colors" "Which term identifies the change assigned to an oxidative hair "chemical change" color procedure?" "Ammonia a colorless gas with a strong odor is composed of "nitrogen" hydrogen and:" "What would be used to determine if a bottle of hydrogen peroxide is still potent if the purchase date was no longer on the "hydrometer" label?" "Which party is responsible for distribution of Material Safety "manufacturer" Data Sheets?" "An example of a/an _____ is when atoms chemically combine to "Chemical bond" form compounds." "Following a sodium hydroxide procedure additional chemical "May never be used" procedures that use thioglycolic acid:" "When two or more kinds of substances combine physically it "mixture" form a:" "What is the scientific study of matter and the physical changes "Chemistry" in matter?" "What are the three main parts of an atom" "proton neutron electron" "surfectant is also known as" "surface active agent" "____ can change without involving a change in chemical "physical properties" composition" "When a solute dissolves in a solvent it is" "a solution" "What is the science of matter and its interactions with energy "Chemistry" and itself?" "The backbone of protein bonds is the" "peptide bonds" "The atomic number is the number of _____ found in the nucleus "Protons" of an atom" "Polymers of amino acids covalently linked through peptide bonds into a chain are" "The study of minerals involves" "Ointments are mixtures of organic substances and are" "redox is also known" "The six general cosmetic classificaitons used in the cosmetology industry" "Miscible liquids are capable of being" "The shine or luster of hair is the" "If an unstable atom merges with an atom of a dissimilar element a ______ is produced" "How many common amino acids are there?" "A pure substance is" "A simple definition of oxidation is" "The science that deals with compounds lacking carbon is" A change in a substance that creates a new substance with properties or characteristics different from the original substance is a: Performing a haircut, shattering glass, or performing a thermal style are all what types of changes? What type of change is the rusting of a nail? Within an atom, protons and neutrons are found in the: The shell of an atom consists of pH scale indicates whether a substance is... Solutions with equal hydrogen and hydroxide ions are... What governmental act defines items as "cosmetics"? How many classifications are assigned to categorize cosmetics? What contains a lipophilic part, a hydrophilic part, and is used to remove oil from hair? Which type of shampoo contains low alkaline content and a low concentration of surface acting agents and generally does not correct any special condition? Acid rinses help to: What type of conditioners coat the hair shaft and restore moisture and oils, but do not penetrate into the cortex or replace keratin in the shaft? What type of conditioner contains hydrolyzed animal proteins and are recommended for dry, brittle hair that has been mechanically or chemically damaged? What conditioner fortifies damage, alters the way hair behaves, and protects against further damage? The purpose of a waving lotion is to Purpose of neutralizer is to What type of wave is processed without heat? What type of color is most frequently used in permanent hair color? What product is used for lightening procedures such as highlighting/weaving? Most common oxidizing agent used in hair color and lightening What is incompatible with other chemical procedure such as perms and oxidative hair coloring? "proteins" "inorganic chemistry" "medicinal" "oxidation-reduction" "are based on how well a substance combines with another substance" "mixed together into a stable solution" "cosmetic apperance" "Molecule" "Twenty-two" "mater not combined with materials of different chemical compositions" "The gaining of oxygen" "inorganic chemistry" Chemical Change Physical chemical nucleus electons acidic, alkaline, neutral neutral The food and drug act of 1938 6 surfactant all-purpose close the cuticle instant moisturizing protein break disulfide bonds by softening the protein structure and allowing the protein chains to assume the shape of the tool restore disufide bonds into the new configurations alkaline Aniline off the scalp/powder bleaches hydrogen peroxide metallic dyes