After Civil War Weakened the New Kingdom, What Happened to Egypt

Study Guide * Complete the following by, responding to the question or by filling in the blank with the correct term. 1. After civil war weakened the New Kingdom, what happened to Egypt? Egypt fell to the Macedonians 2. When did the planning for a pharaoh’s tomb begin? After he was crowned King 3. The “red land” beyond the river bank protected Egypt and Nubia from foreign attacks. 4. What did the Egyptians preserve to demonstrate their belief in life after death? They preserved the bodies of their dead 5. The Nile River affected ancient Egyptian life by creating rich farmland in the river valley. 6. The cataracts prevented river travel in Nubia, so Nubia developed trade routes over land. 7. Hatshepsut proclaimed herself pharaoh. 8. Which pharaoh united Upper and Lower Egypt? Menes 9. Astronomers predicted when the Nile River would probably flood. 10. Nubia’s location between Egypt and Central Africa helped it become a center for trade. 11. What did the ancient Egyptians use to keep track of the kingdom’s growing wealth? Hieroglyphics 12. Workers were willing to do the dangerous, difficult work of building pyramids, so they could ensure the pharaoh’s place in the afterlife. 13. The lives of the Egyptian peasants were greatly influenced by the planting seasons. 14. Meroe became rich when Nubians took control of trade routes by using iron weapons. 15. In ancient Egypt, most of the people belonged to the social class of the peasants. 16. The hot sands of the Sahara Desert helped protect Egypt and Nubia from foreign attacks. 17. Farming along the banks of the Nile was ideal , because each spring the Nile flooded the riverbanks and deposited a rich layer of sediment. 18. In Nubia, the Nile could not be used to transport goods by ship because of the strong rapids. 19. Egyptians believed that their gods and goddesses controlled the workings of nature. 20. Egyptians buried their dead with possessions, so that the pharaoh could survive. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------* Define the following terms. 21. pyramid - large building with four sloping triangular shaped sides 22. cataract – strong flood or rush of water 23. pharaoh – title given to the king’s of ancient Egypt 24. dynasty – a series of rulers from the same family or ethnic group 25. papyrus – reed plants were used to make paper * Find the term that matches the definition. 26. A life after death - afterlife 27. A plain at the mouth of a river -delta 28. The region of ancient Nubia between the 2nd and 6th Nile cataracts-Upper Nubia 29. A mineral or combination of minerals mixed for the production of metals - Ore 30. Complete control over someone or something – Absolute Power 31. Ancient region in the Nile River Valley - Nubia 32. The site of the Great Pyramid and an Egyptian city - Giza -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------* Fill in the blanks. 33. Egyptians used mathematics in finding solutions to problems they faced every day. Egyptian measure stone so that it could be cut to the proper size to build pyramids. 34. A dynasty is a series of rulers from the same family or ethnic group. 35. The Nile River is the world’s longest river. 36. A mummy is the preserved body of a dead person. 37. The Egyptians called Nubia Ta Sety, the “land of the bow.” Nubian archers were so skilled that Egypt hired many of them for its armies. 38. Most of what we know about the everyday life of the Egyptians is based on paintings that cover the walls of the tombs and temples. 39. In Egypt the Nile was used to transport goods. 40. Prisoners captured in wars were made slaves. 41. The unification of Egypt was the beginning of one of the most stable civilizations in history. 42. Ancient Egyptians believed that spirits of the dead made their way to the Afterlife in heavenly boats. 43. Historians group Egypt’s dynasties into three major time periods called kingdoms. 44. Draw the Social Class Pyramid of the ancient Egyptians.