Environmental and Geographic Impacts on Resource Use and Sustainability

China is the second largest importer of which of the following resources? - oil coastal wetland occurring at temperate latitudes that experience seasonal frosts - salt marsh During peak usage, what happens to the cost of electricity? - It almost always increases. equal temperature - isothermal Estuarine circulation associated with a shallow, low-volume estuary in which river water mixes evenly at all depths with ocean water would be called a: - vertically mixed estuary. How does the availability of food in London compare with that in Beijing? - Most food in London is imported, and in Beijing it is grown locally. How does the current fuel source used by many rural Chinese impact the environment? - It leads to soil erosion. How does wealth affect food consumption in Beijing? - Diets change from vegetables to meat. How have coffee farmers in Guatemala changed their farming practices to be more sustainable? - They are recycling and purifying their water. Inorganic nitrogen compounds and hydrocarbons are examples of persistent organic pollutants in marine ecosystems. T/F - F Lagoons that form behind barrier islands are examples of: - bar-built estuaries. Laguna Madre is a classic coastal plain estuary. T/F - F Look at the accompanying and answer the questions regarding the time relationship between rainstorms and flooding. Based on this graph, which of the following statements are true?graphttp://session.masteringgeology.com/problemAsset/1711761/6/MGEO_1711761_Part_A.jpgh - Flooding correlates with increased stream discharge. Peak stream flow happens after a storm. Many pollutants from coal-fired power plants are properly managed today. Which of the following is currently considered to be the biggest threat to the environment? - carbon dioxide Match the pollutant with its general category. crude oil - hydrocarbons Match the pollutant with its general category. mercury - toxic metals Minamata disease is associated with: - ingestion of methyl mercury-contaminated fish and shellfish Of the following statements about coastal wetlands, which is/are true? - all but salt Of the following statements about ocean ownership and the Law of the Sea, which is/are true? - All but Many and Offshore Of the following statements, which is/are included in the World Hearth Organization's definition of marine pollution? - Marine pollution can be a substance or a form of energy. Marine pollution results or is likely to result in harmful effects to marine life. Marine pollution is human-made. Of the following techniques, which is the most commonly used for determining the concentration of pollutants that negatively affect the living resources of the ocean? Select only one answer. - death of more than 50% of a sample population following exposure to a known pollutant Of the following types of estuaries, which one has a relatively shallow mouth but is often narrow, long, and extremely deep? Select only one answer. - a drowned glacial valley called a fjord On average, how long does it take people in Germany to get their money back after they install solar panels? - 12 years One major problem associated with the Chesapeake Bay due to increased human pressure is - an increase in nutrients resulting in more frequent kills of bottom-dwelling or benthic animals. One reason that coastal wetlands are important is that they are efÏcient at removing toxins from coastal run-off before it enters the ocean. T/F - T Prevailing offshore winds tend to decrease surface water salinity in a coastal plain estuary. T/F - F Reasons for the loss of coastal wetlands include all of the following except: - all of the above. Salt marshes serve as nurseries for over half of the commercially important fish in the southeastern United States. T/F - T Salt wedge estuaries have a well-developed halocline.T/F - T Secondary sewage treatment is distinguished form primary sewage treatment by the: - chlorination of the liquid efÒuent. shallow estuaries in which freshwater and salt water are completely mixed from the top to the bottom of the water column - vertically mixed estuary Territorial seas extend 12 miles from the coast and were established by the Law of the Sea Treaty. T/F T The coastal wetlands of Louisiana are being lost primarily because of __________. - a combination of subsidence and rising sea level The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) extends: - 200 nautical miles from the coast. The greatest amount of oil pollution in the ocean from human sources is from __________. - petroleum consumption The greatest sources of hydrocarbons in the marine environment include urban runoff and petroleum shipping.T/F - T The most biologically devastating oil spills in the marine environment are usually a result of: - collision and/or sinking of oil tankers. The toxicity of marine pollutants is evaluated through bioassays by: - calculating the concentration at which 50% of the test organisms die. This wetland coastal area occurs: - All of the above conditions control the distribution of this type of coastal wetland. Water in the eastern parts of Chesapeake Bay tends to be more saline than water farther west because __________. - ocean water entering the bay hugs the eastern shore because of the Coriolis effect What color smoke coming from a coal-fired power plant would indicate wasted fuel? - black What does the Kanapaha Wastewater Treatment Facility use to disinfect the treated water? - chlorine What human activity is the main source of air pollution in Beijing? - driving cars What is an effect of biogas production? - improved educational opportunities