University:
Glendale Community College
Course:
BIO160 | Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

465

Pages:

9
Author:

Axel Gentry

Embryonic Development of Nervous System • Human Nervous System develops from ectoderm into a dorsal hollow nerve cord that runs the length of the body. • In the first 3-4 weeks of development, the neural plate on the back of the embryo becomes a neural groove with neural folds along each side. The neural folds grow together to form the neural tube. • Neurons develop from the cells of the neural tube. • Lumen of the neural tube develops into the central canal of spinal cord and the ventricles of the brain. • Cells along the margin of the neural groove are called the neural crest and they develop into sensory neurons, sympathetic neurons, Schwann cells and pigment cells. • By the 4th week, the neural tube develops 3 anterior dilations that will become major brain regions. Formation of the Embryonic Neural Tube Formation of the Embryonic Neural Tube Formation of the Embryonic Neural Tube Formation of the Embryonic Neural Tube Brain Regions • Forebrain develops into four specialized regions: – Cerebrum – Thalamus – Hypothalamus (part of the pituitary gland is an outgrowth of it) – Epithalamus (pineal gland) • Midbrain – superior and inferior colliculi • Hindbrain – Pons – Medulla Oblongata – Cerebellum Notes: The diencephalon is composed of the thalamus and hypothalamus The brainstem consists of the midbrain, medulla and pons Regions of Embryonic Nervous System Forebrain Midbrain Hindbrain Forebrain (Forebrain) Midbrain (Midbrain) Hindbrain (Hindbrain)