University:
Herzing University
Course:
NSG221 | Mental Health Nursing
Academic year:

2021
Views:

156

Pages:

10
Author:

do3ran7ut

Depression’s Vicious Cycle What is schizophrenia? Schizophrenia (literally translates to “split mind”) is a disorder characterized by delusions (false beliefs), hallucinations (false sensory experiences), disorganized thoughts, and/or inappropriate emotional expression. ● Psychotic disorders: a group of disorders marked by irrational ideas, distorted perceptions, and a loss of contact with reality Understanding Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is one of the most heavily researched psychological disorders, yet scientists disagree on its root cause. ● ● ● ● Dopamine Overactivity Abnormal Brain Activity & Anatomy Prenatal Environment Genetics Symptoms ● Paranoia: fear that someone or something is out to get you ● Disturbed perceptions & beliefs ● Disorganized speech (a.k.a. “word salad”) ● Diminished or inappropriate emotions ○ Flat affect: displaying no apparent feeling/emotion Positive vs. Negative Symptoms Positive Symptoms - an addition of inappropriate emotions and/or behaviors ● ● ● ● Hallucinations Delusions Disorganized thought/speech Bizarre movements/actions Negative Symptoms - a lack of appropriate emotions and/or behaviors ● ● ● ● ● Flat affect Reduced social interaction Anhedonia Alogia (speaking less or not at all) Catatonia (moving less or not at all) Onset & Development of Schizophrenia ● About 1 in every 100 people are diagnosed with schizophrenia. ● Onset usually in late adolescence or early adulthood- usually 19-21. ● Men experience schizophrenic symptoms earlier, more severely, and more often than women. ● Most do not realize they are mentally ill. Chronic schizophrenia is when schizophrenic symptoms appear in adolescence in early adulthood, but psychotic episodes become more frequent and severe as they age. Acute schizophrenia can begin at any age and is usually in response to a traumatic event. Dissociative Disorders Dissociative disorders are controversial and rare disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and/or feelings. ● Dissociative Amnesia - sudden loss of memory or change in identity due to memory loss ● Dissociative Identity Disorder a.k.a. multiple personality disorder Dissociative Identity Disorder Dissociative Identity Disorder is a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities. ● commonly have a history of childhood abuse or trauma ● often misdiagnosed or exaggerated → Sybil Alternate theories of DID: ● Role playing ● Cultural perception (“evil spirits”) ● Therapy makes it worse Personality Disorders Personality disorders are inflexible and enduring patterns of behavior that impair social functioning. There are three clusters of personality disorders: ● Cluster A - odd/eccentric ● Cluster B - dramatic/erratic ● Cluster C - anxious/fearful