Law Enforcement Practices and Policies

1. The growing popularity of less-than-lethal weapons (LTLW) by police officers in the United States virtually ensures their increased used in the law enforcement community. true 2. Police officers are allowed to use the level of force necessary to counter a suspect's resistance and get the suspect to comply with a lawful order. true 3. The Law Enforcement Assistance Administration was created to provide legal counsel to minority officers regarding job discrimination. false 4. Police administrators will tell you that honesty is the most crucial trait in a police applicant and police officer. true 5. According to a 2013 report by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, only 1 percent of local police departments required a four-year college degree. true 6. Elaine Cumming and her colleagues reported that the ordinary work routines of police officers include mostly law enforcement activities and very few other activities. false 7. Use of the Internet and social media has not yet been an effective method for police employers to get their message out about job openings. false 8. In recent years, most states have adopted special job protections for gay workers. false 9. A recent study by John Violanti reveals that police commit suicide at a rate up to 53 percent higher than other city workers. true 10. The police officer is generally the first decision maker in the U. S. criminal justice system and is often the most important. true 11. The Knapp Commission's investigation failed to recognize police corruption in New York City. false 12. In most cases where stops were made, the behavior of the suspect was what concerned the officer. true 13. Police civil liability means that a police officer may be sued under civil law concepts such as negligence and torts. true 14. The entire criminal justice system is based on the concept of discretion. true 15. Officers have broad discretion on whether to arrest or not to arrest in domestic violence cases. false 16. The requirement to regularly update the skills and knowledge base of veteran officers is known as ___________.in service training 17. Until the 1970s, it was presumed that women were not as capable of performing the same type of patrol duty as men because - of their gender and size. 18. _____________ is an administrative action coordinated through the state police standards organization that will determine if a cause exists to strip an officer of his or her state certification to be a police officer. Decertification 19. Statistics clearly indicate that police officers ____________. do not overuse force 20. The Supreme Court case that eliminated participation in criminal activity as a reason not to hire gays or to discriminate against them was - Lawrence v. Texas 21. The _________________ standard allows police officers to use deadly force against people who are using deadly force against an officer or another person, as well as in certain violent felony situations. defense of life 22. The Humortown Police Department issues many summonses and makes many misdemeanor arrests. According to James Q. Wilson, it would be considered to be a __________ department. legalistic 23. One of the best-known study of the police personality, Behind the Shield, was written by __________. Arthur Niederhoffer 24. Egon Bittner has stated that police work has, from its earliest origins, been a __________. tainted occupation 25. The attitude that there is no hope for the world and a view of humanity at its worst called _________. police cynicism 26. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was designed to prohibit job discrimination based on all but which of the following? Sexual orientation 27. Police testimony that narcotics found on the ground wee dropped by persons they arrested has been called __________. dropsy testimony 28. The Greek philosopher who wrote the classic Nicomachean Ethics was ___________. Aristotle 29. According to research, which subgroup was more likely to use constructive coping relating to stress? African-American males and African-American females 30. Most federal law enforcement agencies require what amount of education? Bachelor's degree 31. According to research, compared to other professions, the police exhibit higher rates of ___________. All of the above 32. What is the most prevalent type of corruption in law enforcement today? Noble cause corruption 33. A study on police depression revealed that _______________ officers had higher levels of depression. female 34. The most dangerous aspect of the "rotten apple" theory of police corruption is that police commanders __________. don't take strong proactive measures to eradicate corruption throughout the department or precinct 35. Studies of police discretion have shown that the most significant factor in the decision to arrest is the __________. seriousness of the offense committed 36. In 1910, which of the following cities appointed the first "officially designated" policewoman? LA 37. Which of the following is NOT considered by departments when selecting police applicants? Criminal history of parents 38. According to research, which is the leading problem among police officers? Marital problems 39. Due to recent changes in legislation and general attitudes, the prior use of which drug has become more flexible in regard to recruiting new police officers? Marijuana 40. Previous height and weight requirements were believed to discriminate against ____________. Woman and minority candidates 41. The 1931 National Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement was more popularly known as the _______________. Wickersham Commission 42. Officer Green believes that it is impossible to achieve the goals and objectives of the police department and concentrates his efforts on the concept of police loyalty and the mutual support of his fellow officers. According to Broderick, he would be considered a(n) _____________. realist 43. The U. S. Census Bureau predicts that by 2050, minority populations will be ____________ percent of the population. 54 44. The majority of recent studies have found that the law enforcement "working personality" stems from the officer's ___________. socialization process in the police academy, field training, an patrol experience 45. The Knapp Commission was a(n) _______________ commission. local 46. 47. Wilson and Kelling's ________________ theory suggests if an area of the community is allowed to deteriorate without some remedy, crime will increase. Broken windows 48. 49. Units within police departments that "police the police" are called _____________. internal affairs 50. The solution to the code of silence as proposed by Dr. Neal Trautman is ___________. Code of Silence Antidote (COSA)