Business Communications Self-concept Answer Key

When asked how she would describe herself, Sandi responds, "Being a mom is the most important thing in the world to me. My kids are everything to me." This is Sandi's ______. self-efficacy self-concept categorization locus of control Which characteristic refers to the degree to which a person’s self-concept is clear, confidently defined, and stable? Complexity Consistency Clandestine Clarity ______ is the natural tendency we have to magnify our positive attributes and attribute successes to our own capabilities. The primacy effect Stereotyping Categorical thinking Self-enhancement ______ occurs when we look for feedback from others that supports the way that we see ourselves, even if it isn't necessarily flattering. Self-efficacy Self-verification Categorization Stereotyping The concept of self-evaluation is composed of three elements: selfesteem, locus of control, and ______. internal attribution self-efficacy empathy self-awareness An individual's self-beliefs and self-evaluations refer to his or her ______. categorization self-concept self-efficacy locus of control The three dimensions of a person's self-concept are complexity, consistency, and Clarity. Elena, a Hispanic American, graduated with a nursing degree from Xavier University and works at Cincinnati Children's Hospital. These attributes are part of Elena's ______ identity. social internal personal external A recent study showed that 8 out of 10 drivers rated themselves as above-average drivers. This is likely the result of ______. self-enhancement a self-fulfilling prophecy the false-consensus effect the primacy effect The process through which we receive stimuli from the external environment and organize and interpret them is known as ______. motivation perception cognition attribution The concept that we want people to see us as we see ourselves is referred to as ______. social identity theory self-verification personal identity the self-fulfilling prophecy As part of the perceptual process, we put people and objects into preconceived categories that are stored in our long-term memory. This process is known as ______. categorical thinking attribution theory social identification homogenization Self-evaluation is mostly defined by three elements: self-esteem, selfefficacy, and ______. attribution self-efficacy locus of control empathy Lakeisha believes that all men are poor listeners. This is an example of ______. attribution role perception differentiation stereotyping ______ identity, or internal self-concept, is derived from an individual's unique attributes, whereas ______ identity, or external self-concept, results from association with other people. Personal; social Individual; collective Individual; personal Social; personal ______ is the process of receiving information about and making sense of the world around us. Perception Categorization Motivation Personalization You see a group of young adults standing outside of a church on Sunday morning and assume that they have just come from Sunday services. This is an example of ______. categorical thinking the primacy effect a confirmation bias homogenization Which foundation of stereotyping describes removing a person’s individuality and, instead,seeing him or her as a prototypical representative of a particular group? Comparison Categorization Differentiation Homogenization Assigning the perceived attributes of a group to individuals belonging to that group is referred to as ______. differentiation attribution stereotyping the false-consensus effect An individual's self-beliefs and self-evaluations refer to his or her ______. categorization self-efficacy locus of control self-concept Jenna is convinced that the students in her study group are better organized and more disciplined than other study groups in class. This is an example of ______. attribution the recency effect differentiation the primacy effect The rule of attribution in which we determine how often the person has acted in a particular manner is ______. continuity distinctiveness consensus consistency True or false: Social identity is a comparative process that involves categorizing people into distinct groups. True False Which of the following illustrates the first step in the self-fulfilling prophecy? The employee's behavior becomes inconsistent with the supervisor's expectations. The supervisor attributes the employee's good performance to external causes rather than internal causes. The supervisor forms certain expectations about the employee's performance. The supervisor attributes the employee's poor performance to internal causes. Alexis assumes that people who live in Utah are Mormons. This is an example of ______. Multiple choice question. homogenization selective attention the recency effect attribution Alexis assumes that people who live in Utah are Mormons. This is an example of ______. homogenization selective attention the recency effect attribution Assigning more favorable characteristics to people in the groups to which we belong than to people in other groups is referred to as ______. attribution self-efficacy ascription differentiation Anne's boss notices how positive and upbeat she is at work every day and thinks that she is an ideal employee. He fails to notice that she often doesn't complete her work on time. This is an example of the ______ effect. recency false-consensus primacy halo Attributio The process involves deciding whether an event is caused by internal factors or by the environment. The ______ occurs when our expectations about another person cause him or her to act in a way that is consistent with those expectations. self-serving bias fundamental attribution error confirmation bias self-fulfilling prophecy What are some of the benefits of diversity awareness training? It can dispel myths about people from various cultural and demographic groups, making people more mindful of their thoughts and actions. It can minimize discrimination by making people aware of systemic discrimination as well as prejudices that occur through stereotyping. It can show training attendees how to pretend prejudices do not exist. It readily removes deeply held prejudices against stereotyped cultural and demographic groups. Our tendency to think that people within a certain group are similar to one another is referred to as ______. homogenization differentiation categorization attribution True or false: The Implicit Association Test (IAT) attempts to detect people's stereotypes and prejudices by associating positive and negative words with specific demographic groups. True False Which of the following statements is true regarding meaningful interaction? It most often occurs in short periods of time. It is founded on the contact hypothesis. It is strongest when people work together on a less frequent basis. It is based on the Johari Window Model. Halo The effect occurs when one predominant characteristic of a person distorts our general impression of him or her. Which of the following statements is true about developing a global mindset? It can be developed only through immersion in another culture. Diversity training is ineffective in developing a global mindset. It begins with self-awareness of one's own beliefs, values, and attitudes. Knowledge must result from formal programs, such as diversity training. The process through which we determine the cause of our behavior and that of other people is referred to as ______. categorical thinking the attribution process the halo effect selective attention Which of the following is used to address discrimination by making people aware of systemic discrimination and prejudices that occur through stereotyping? Self-fulfilling prophecy awareness training Job rotation Organizational structure Diversity training The implicit association test (IAT) is used to ______. Multiple choice question. measure the degree of a manager's positive organizational behavior assess the extent of a manager's self-fulfilling prophecies toward her employees detect subtle racial, age, and gender biases by associating words with specific demographic groups identify whether your values, beliefs, and experiences are known to both you and others Which of the following is true regarding contact hypothesis? People who interact with each other will be less prejudiced or perceptually biased toward each other. We are more likely to make an internal attribution of someone's behavior when we have more contact with him or her. Frequent contact with an individual will increase the size of the unknown area of the Johari Window. Stereotyping and prejudice is more likely to occur when the level of interaction between individuals increases. True or false: A global mindset can be developed only through immersion in another culture. True False Which of the following is a potential problem with diversity awareness training? It forces people to accept that discrimination exists. It can make people more aware of their prejudices but does not lead to a change in thoughts and actions Teaching people to reject incorrect stereotypes has the unintended effect of reinforcing rather than reducing reliance on those stereotypes. Such training can only help with systemic discrimination, not prejudice. An individual's ability to perceive, know about, and process information across cultures is referred to as ______. a mental model self-awareness a global mindset empathy