Pre-quiz #5 Language and Linguistics

"Few cats dyed the colour licks." Which of the following statements about this sentence is true? - "Cats" has 2 morphemes and 4 phonemes Which of the following is an example of evidence AGAINST social learning theory - Little Hermione learned that the place where she always sleeps at night is called "bed". Now she refers to all comfy, soft furniture only as "bed" According to the textbook, which of the following is the most accurate example of an overregularization in the form of telegraphic speech in children - A child accidentally broke a vase of flowers and when asked about what happened by her mother, she responds "Glass breaked Which of the following best describes two criteria of language - Regular refers to the use of a system of rules and grammar to govern the arrangement of words in a sentence; Arbitrary means that words do not resemble their meanings Which of the following is evidence in support of the social learning theory - Case studies have shown that when children have almost no interaction with other people during her childhood, they have virtually no language skills Which of the following is true about segmentation - The segmentation problem results in the perception that someone speaking an unfamiliar language is speaking very quickly What are morphemes - The smallest unit of language that contains information What does "productive" mean with respect to the criteria of true language - There are almost limitless combinations of words that can be used to describe the world What is the major role of Broca's area in language development - Production of language Which of the following is NOT true of universal phoneme sensitivity - Adults' abilities to discriminate phonemes worsens with age Which of the following best supports the innate mechanism theory - Baby Nancy seems to prefer to listen to a stranger speak rather than listen to her mother playing piano Which of the following examples best provides evidence AGAINST the Whorf-Sapir hypothesis - Brij's mother only knows to refer to all sweet liquids as syrups. Regardless, she understands the difference between honey, maple syrup, and compote Which of the following is NOT an example of the productive nature of language - A child makes up words for objects in her environment with random sounds that don't resemble the nature of the objects at all Which of the statements about universal phoneme sensitivity is FALSE - As you get older, you are better able to discriminate between different sounds — especially those that are not from your native language Which of the following is NOT one of the necessary criteria for classifying a form of communication as language - Words have similar characteristics to the object or concept that they represent Which of the following is true of syntax and semantics - The syntax of one's native language can be challenging to describe to a non-native speaker What is the correct timeline of language development milestones in infants - Makes cooing sounds, turns head toward voices, imitates sounds, babbles Which of the following statements is true regarding the structure of these words - The word keychains contains 3 morphemes and 6 phonemes Which of the following best describes the Whorf-Sapir hypothesis - Language has an effect on our thoughts, as well as our perception of and interactions with the world Which of the following correctly describes transparent orthographies - The more transparent orthographies a language contains, the fewer associations between letters and phonemes must be learned "The rude necklace fed chairs by the sun." Which of the following is true regarding this sentence - The sentence follows syntax but is semantically meaningless Which of the following hypotheses would a researcher investigate if they were seeking to provide evidence that supports the innate mechanism theory - An area in the brain involved in the understanding of spoken language shows more activity in response to speech compared to non-speech sounds in newborn babies Which of the following supports the Whorf-Sapir hypothesis - Danyal comes from a small village where they use one word to describe "5 or more". Danyal has trouble solving a complex mathematical task that includes numbers greater than 5 Which of the following best describes a benefit to the language development of infants resulting from baby talk, or "infant-directed speech", as indicated by the research in your textbook by Dr. Laurel Trainor at McMaster University - The exaggerated changes in pitch helps infants discriminate between vowel sounds, aiding in the learning of vowel sound categories Which of the following statements best describes perceptual narrowing - The pattern of perceptual narrowing suggests that there exists an innate basis for phoneme discrimination in infancy that is influenced by experience Which of the following is true of segmentation research - Infants who showed strong segmentation skills early in life knew many expressive words at age two—a strong positive correlation Which of the following statements best summarizes the Whorf-Sapir hypothesis - Language influences how we perceive and interpret the world Which of the following is true regarding the development of language - very young infants smile and respond to other people's presence, which are deemed language-related skills Which of the following is an example of a single morpheme - The word "masculine" Which of the following best characterizes the Whorf-Sapir Hypothesis - Language may influence how we perceive and experience the world Which of the following best describes a benefit to the language development of infants resulting from baby talk or "infant-directed speech" as indicated by the research of Dr. Laurel Trainor at McMaster University? - The exaggerated changes in pitch helps infants discriminate between vowel sounds, aiding in the learning of vowel sound categories What is the major role of Broca's area in language development - Production of language Which of the following is the most accurate example of an overregularization in the form of telegraphic speech in children - A child with a pet dog was introduced to a cat for the first time, at which point she proclaimed "Dog!" Which of the following examples best provides evidence AGAINST the Whorf-Sapir hypothesis? - Brij’s mother only knows to refer to all sweet liquids as syrups. Regardless, she understands the difference between honey, maple syrup, and compote. Which of the following is evidence for social learning theory? - Genie, the child who was raised with extremely minimal human contact, did not develop any grammatical skills