Arts of China Final Exam

1 Arts of China Final Exam 8-7-2020 Exam duration: 90 mins Return by the end of 23:59, 8th of August Total score: 25’ Your score: ______ Multiple Choices Questions (0.4 points/Each. 30 blanks equal to 12 points) 1. What influenced artistic styles and subjects in ancient Chinese art? A. governing rulers B. education C. philosophy & religion c is the answer D. cultures outside of China 2. In ancient Chinese art, poetry, painting, and calligraphy were never combined. A. TRUE B. FALSE. B is the answer 3. In order to get a government job during the Tang Dynasty, a Chinese citizen had to be able to A. drink 5 glasses of Tang each day B. be an artist of amazing ability C. dance the Tango "flawlessly" D. write poetry. D is the answer 4. Which of the following statements about Chinese landscape painting is NOT true? A. Chinese artists focused on the landscape rather than the people in the landscape. B. Chinese painters worked on paper mounted to silk. C. Chinese artists were mostly professional artists with years of training. C is the answer D. Chinese landscape painting is a very ancient art form. 5. Chinese artists used inks and watercolors to make landscape paintings. Which of the following is one of the characteristics of these media? A. They provide rich, natural colors and are permanent. A is the answer B. They are oil based and made by hand. C. They can only be used with a calligraphic brush. D. They are water-based and transparent. 1 2 6. What did the Ancient Chinese use to help protect art from bugs and other damage? A. Porcelain B. Paper C. Silk D. Lacquer. D is the answer E. Paint 7. What is NOT true of the lacquer that the ancient Chinese used? A. Lacquer is a clear coating made from the sap of maple trees. A is the answer B. Lacquer added beauty and shine to many pieces of art. C. Lacquer helped to protect art from getting damaged, especially from bugs. D. The Ancient Chinese often used lacquer in their art. 8. What was the purpose of the Terracotta Army? A. To protect China from invading enemies B. To protect Emperor Qin Shi Huang in the afterlife b is the answer C. To impress visitors to the Shanghai Museum of Art and Culture D. To add color and character to the province of Shandong 9. Which of the following is not true of the terracotta soldiers? A. The terracotta soldiers were found in Shaanxi. B. The terracotta soldiers were originally painted, however most of the paint has worn away over time. C. The emperor guarded by the terracotta soldiers is considered China's strongest leader throughout all of history. C is the answer D. The terracotta soldiers carried spears. swords, daggers, and axes 10. What is the art of handwriting called? A. Poetry B. Calligraphy b is the answer C. Cursive D. Word art 11. Which of Xie He’s principles of painting is closely connected to calligraphy? A. bone method a is the answer B. suitability of type C. spirited resonance D. creative flow 12. Which dynasty is considered to have been the first dynasty of Ancient China? A. Ming B. Song C. Yuan 2 3 D. Xia d is the answer E. Tang 13. Which dynasty is often considered the last of the great Chinese dynasties? A. Ming B. Qing b is the answer C. Song D. Han E. Shang 14. Which of the following is true about the Zhou dynasty? A. It was the longest running dynasty. B. It used the Mandate of Heaven to secure its rule. C. The land was ruled by feudal lords who were relatives of the Zhou family. D. All of the above d is the answer E. None of the above 15. Which dynasty was ruled by the Mongol leader Kublai Khan? A. Ming B. Song C. Yuan c is the answer D. Tang 16. What Chinese dynasty was famous for its blue and white vases? A. Ming a is the answer B. Tang C. Yuan D. Song 17. What is the Tang Dynasty known for? A. It was the first dynasty to rule China B. A time when China was divided up into many different dynasties with lots of battles and wars C. A time of war with the Mongols D. The Tang built the entire Great Wall E. A time of peace and prosperity known as the Golden Age of China. E is the answer 18. What two great structures did the Ming Dynasty build during their rule? A. The Great Canal and the Terra Cotta Army B. They finished the Great Wall of China and built the Forbidden City b is the answer C. They built the first skyscraper and the great pyramids D. The Terra Cotta Army and the Great Wall of China E. The Wild Goose Pagoda and the Zhaozhou Bridge 3 4 19. What important ingredient was used by the Ancient Chinese to make silk? A. The cocoons of silkworms a is the answer B. The webs of silk spiders C. The leaves from the silk tree D. A special silk mineral found in mines throughout China E. The roots of the silk plant 20. What was the main use of the compass when it was first invented? A. As a child’s game for the young emperor B. To keep the army straight during battles C. For city planning D. To help when lost in the woods. D is the answer E. For drawing straight lines 21. What invention allowed the Ancient Chinese to build huge ships well before the rest of the world? A. Silk Sails B. Boat rudder b is the answer C. Waterproof Lacquer D. Compass E. Iron casting 22. Match the terms and the pictures of ceramics they indicate Sang de boeuf__________ D Famile verte___________B Famile noire___________C Famile rose___________A 4 5 A. C. B. D. 23. Match four types of calligraphy and related pictures. Xing__________D Kai__________B Cao__________A Shoujinti__________C 5 6 A B. C. D 24. Which art piece below was not created by Giuseppe Castiglione? A. B. 6 B is the answer 7 C. D. Short Answer Questions (1.5 points/Each) 25. What are six essentials in painting? Spirit rhythm scenery thought brush ink 26. List four Great Masters of Landscape Painting in the Yuan Dynasty. List the names of the four painting masters of the Wu school. List the names of the four monk masters of painting in the early Qing Dynasty. Four monk: Shi Tao, Ba da shan ren, Shi xi, Hong ren Yuan: Huang gongwang, Wu Zhen, Ni zan, Wang meng Wu school: Shen zhou, Wen zhengming, Tang yin, Qiu ying 7 8 Long Answer Questions (2 points/Each) 27. Wenren (文人) in the Yuan Dynasty dedicated themselves to bamboo painting. Similarly, yimin (遗民) literati in the early Qing Dynasty made the same retreats as wenren in the Yuan Dynasty, such as the four monk masters of painting. Why did they dedicate themselves to bamboo painting or some other kinds of art? What specific art style did they create due to these historical backgrounds? This is because that in Yuan Ming Qing Dynasty, people from the other religion have the control of the mainland China. Therefore, if somebody don’t want to have a job in the central, they will only have to do the painting to make themselves living. First of all, 8 9 bamboo shows a spirit that never easily give up and keeps on fighting no matter what the current situation would be. Essay Questions (4 points/Each) In an answer of a couple of paragraphs in length (at least 400 words), answer the following questions. 28. From the very beginning of Chinese civilization and art, the favor of jade had composed a significant part of Chinese lives and aesthetics. For example, the Chinese text below praises the five virtues of jade. 玉，石之美者。有五德，润泽以温，仁之方也；鳃理自外，可以知中，义之方也； 其声舒扬，专以远闻，智之方也；不桡而折，勇之方也；锐廉而不忮，絜之方也。 The love of jade is unique for Chinese culture. Use examples of art pieces to argue the strong bonds between jade and Chinese cultures, aesthetics and philosophy. Jade have always been a huge part of ancient china. This is because that jade would be quite expensive in the ancient china. And most of the time people choose to use jade in the certain ceremony to remember one’s life. However, when the time goes by till Qin dynasty, at this time, people have found a number of different giant jade inside the grave from Qin Dynasty. This shows the great power of that dynasty without a doubt. Also at that time, they use jade to make the piece of controlling the army. The soldiers only listen to the people who have the tiger jade even not the emperor. This also tell us the importance of jade is having at that time. But in Sui dynasty, there are only a very small number of jades that was found and the style of them are quite similar with each other. People at that time use jade to show the power that a person is having inside the court. Jade is a quite expensive thing at that certain time even in nowadays, therefore having more jades in life means wealthy to others. Jade means Moral to a lot of Chinese people. Jade always connect with a good person, the person having moral means a good person for people who living in the past. Jade is also the mental stand for Chinese society. 9 10 People should always keep the spirit of A Good person is a jade. Jade have meant a lot to our society since it is the same as a good person which is quite pure and there is not other substances. Only keeping in that way, we can have a good life. The society have always admire a person which is morally good and jade is the best symbols that can show this. 10 11 (More questions on next page) 29. Observe two portraitures below. The left one came from the Ming Dynasty for the Yongle Emperor. The right one came from the Qing Dynasty and painted by Giuseppe Castiglione for a concubine of the Qianlong Emperor. Notice the different perspectives of the two paintings by focusing on the chairs and the patterns of carpets. Giuseppe Castiglione apparently used the single-point perspective, but the left portraiture did not show any hint of that. Answer the following questions: 1) What is the most significant difference in terms of perspectives between the West and the East? 2) How had European art influenced court art in the Qing Dynasty? 11