Name: KEY Teacher: KEY Date: KEY Period: KEY NEWTON'S LAWS WORKSHEET - KEY 1. NEWTON'S FIRST LAW OF MOTION 1. Newton's first law of motion is also known as the LAW OF INERTIA ti. Newton's first law says that a. an object that IS NOT MOVING, or is at AT REST will stay at AT REST AND b. an object that IS MOVING will keep moving with constant VELOCITY which means at the same SPEED and in the same DISTANCE UNLESS c. an OUTSIDE force acts on that object. 3. What is inertia? The resistance of any physical object to any change in its state of moMon 4. What property of an object determines how much inertia it has? Mass 5. Which of the following has more inertia? a. Bowling ball Tennis ball b. Hammer Feather 6. When traveling in a car and turning to the right, which way does your body go and why? Imagine that you are a passenger in a car which is making a right-hand turn. As the car begins to take the turn to the right, you oren feel as though you are sliding to the ler. The car is turning to the right due to the inward force, yet you feel as though you are being forced leRward or outward. In actuality, the car is beginning its turning moMon (to the right) while you conMnue in a straight line path. II. NEWTON'S SECOND LAW OF MOTION 7. Newton's second law of motion is also known as the LAW OF ACCELERATION 8. Newton's second law says that when an UNBALANCED force is applied to a MASS (OBJECT), it causes it to ACCELERATE. 9. The greater the force that is applied, the GREATER the acceleration. 10. The lesser the force that is applied, the LESSER the acceleration. 11. If the same force is applied to an object with a large mass, it will have a LESSER acceleration. 1ti. If the same force is applied to an object with a small mass, it will have a GREATER acceleration. 13. The equation that is used to solve second law problems is F = ma a. What does each of the variables mean? F = FORCE m = MASS a = ACCELERATION b. What unit of measurement must be used with each variable? F=kg-m/s² (N-Newton) m = kg a = m/s² JO III. NEWTON'S THIRD LAW OF MOTION 14. Newton's third law of motion is also known as the LAW OF ACTION-REACTION, 15. Newton's third law says that every time there is an ACTION force, there is also a REACTION force that is EQUAL in size and acts in the OPPOSITE direction. 16. Newton's third law states that forces must ALWAYS occur in PAIRS. 17. Listed below are ACTION forces. Tell the REACTION force. a. Your bottom pushing on your desk seat: SEAT PUSHING UP ON YOUR BOTTOM b. A bat hitting a baseball: BASEBALL HITTING THE BAT c. Your finger pressing on your phone screen while texting: PHONE SCREEN PUSHING BACK ON YOUR FINGER 18. What is friction? The resistance FORCE that one surface or object encounters when moving over another; slowing or prevening an object's moMon between two surfaces. 19. List the four types of friction. a) STATIC friction: FRICTION AT REST b) SLIDING friction: FRICTION AS SURFACES SLIDE ACROSS EACH OTHER c) ROLLING friction: USE OF WHEELS, CYLANDERS, BALL BEARINGS, ETC. d) FLUID friction: FRICTION INVOLVING LIQUIDS OR GASES tio. Friction that occurs in gases and liquids is called FLUID friction. til. True or False: Static friction prevents you from slipping when you walk on a sidewalk. titi. True or False: Sliding friction is stronger than static friction. ti3. You use SLIDING friction when you leave marks on paper with a pencil "lead." ti4. The weakest type of friction that occurs between solid surfaces is ROLLING friction. ti5. Factors that affect the amount of friction against an object are MASS and ROUGHNESS OF SURFACE ti6. When you put on the brakes of your bike, the wheels stop turning. Friction between the wheels and the road slows your bike to a stop. Which type of friction is this? a) fluid friction b) static friction c) sliding fricMon d) rolling friction ti7. The factors that affect gravitational pull on an object are MASS and DISTANCE ti8. Define mass: The amount of matter (substance) an object possess. Measured in kg. Mass tells you how many particles you have. ti9. Define weight: The measure of the gravita Monal force pulling on a mass. Measured in Newtons OR pounds (NOT kg). Weight (w)= mass (m) X acceleraMon due to gravity (g): Fw = m X g.