Acids and Bases Worksheet Answers

Acids and Bases The degree of acidity or alkalinity (basic) is important in organisms. The body must constantly maintain a near neutral pH (7) in the blood and body tissues. To do this, the body produces buffers that can neutralize acids. Acidic and basic conditions in the body occur due to different metabolic (chemical) reactions taking place throughout the body. 1. What does alkalinity mean? How basic a solution is 2. What pH must organisms maintain? near neutral-pH 7 3. What characteristic of life would maintaining this balance be? (See textbook) Chl maintaining stable internal environment homeostasis P.17 4. What chemicals does the body produce to keep neutral pH? H+ OH 5. Buffers neutraliz-lacids in the body. 6. Acidic and basic conditions occur due to chemical. or metabolic reactions in the body. Water is one of the most important molecules in the body. Cells are made mostly of water and water is required for almost every metabolic reaction in the body, The force of attraction between water molecules is so strong that the oxygen atom of one molecule can actually remove the hydrogen from other water molecules. This reaction is known as dissociation, and it takes place in our cells. Water (H₂O) dissociates into H and OH ions. A charged atom or molecule is called an ion. The OH ion is called the hydroxide ion, while the H' ion is called the hydrogen ion. Free H ions con react with another water molecule to form the H₂O or hydronium ion. The human body requires a neutral pH for many reasons, One reason cells like a neutral pH is for proteins. Basic or acidic solutions denature proteins (change their shape) so they no longer work. 7. What is dissociation? Breaking apart H₂O molecules 8. What is the chemical formula for water? H20 9. What is an ion? Charged atom or molecule 10. Name the 2 ions form when water dissociates. H+ OH- 11. What is the hydroxide ion? OH 12. What is a hydrogen ion? H+ 13. What is the hydronium ion and its formula? H30+ Acidity or alkalinity is a measure of the relative amount of H and OH ions dissolved in a solution. Neutral solutions have an equal number of H and OH ions. Acids have more H₂O ions (H+) than OH ions. Acids taste sour and can be corrosive. Digestive fluids in the body are acidic and must be neutralized by buffers. Bases contain more OH ions than HaO' ions. Bases taste bitter and feel slippery. When an acid is combined with a base, neutralization occurs. The result of neutralization is a salt and water. Neutralization helps return our body pH to neutral. The process of our bodies maintaining neutral pH so that proteins can work properly without being denaturated (unfolded) is known as homeostasis. 14. How do you measure for acidity or alkalinity? amount of Ht in a solution ۵۷ OH lons 15. What is a neutral solution? PH 7 16. Acids have more corrosive H+ ions and taste SOUV And can be 17. Bases contain more OH ions than H+ ions. Digestive 18. fluids are acid in the body and must be neutralized buffers by 19. Bases taste bitter and feel slippery 20. What is neutralization? acid combines with a base 21. What 2 things are produced by neutralization? salt water 22. Neutralization keeps our pH at maintaining neutral homeostasis. and is an example of Color the following diagrams according to the key. DISSOCIATION OF WATER HYDROGEN (yellow) OXYGEN (red) H H OH H +H+ H2O Hydroxide lon + H Hydrogen lon H H + H HH + H2O H+ H H3O Hydronium lon