University:
Missouri State University
Course:
CHM 160 | General Chemistry I
Academic year:

2023
Views:

185

Pages:

2
Author:

pnollobc2

Name: ___________________________________________________ Period: _________ Date: __________________ Ionic Bonding Chart Background: When a chemical formula for a compound is written correctly, it shows the number of each type of atom in the compound. These numbers, called subscripts, are determined by the bonding between the atoms. The table shows two columns of elements. The elements in the first column usually give up electrons when they form compounds. The elements in the second column usually gain electrons when they form compounds. The column next to the elements gives the number of electrons found in the outer level of each element. Using this information, determine the charge on the ion after the exchange of electrons. Remember, atoms that give up electrons become positive ions (called cations) while atoms that gain electrons become negative ions (called anions). Now, show how the positive ion would combine with the negative ion to make a neutral compound. For example, sodium (Na) has one electron in its outer level. It gives up this electron and becomes a 1+ ion. Sulfur (S) having six electrons in its outer level gains two electrons to fill this outer level with eight electrons. Sulfur becomes 2- ion. These two ions then combine to form Na2S. This formula is correct because it takes two sodium ions to match the 2- charge on one sulfur ion. Part 1: Read the following background information. Then fill in the chart below by determining the charge for each ion. Remember that a cation (“cat-ion”) is simply a positively charged atom, while an anion (“an-ion”) is negative. Element (metal) Aluminum Valence electrons Charge of the cation 3 3+ Element (nonmetal) Chlorine Magnesium Bromine Sodium Oxygen Lithium Oxygen Calcium Phosphorus Aluminum Oxygen Beryllium Sulfur Sodium Fluorine Tin Chlorine Silicon Neon Valence electrons Charge of the anion Formula 7 1- AlCl3 Part 2: Use the periodic table to help you complete the following chart regarding elements’ ionic charges. Element Atomic Number Number of Protons (+) Number of Electrons (-) Number of Valence Electrons Cation (+) or Anion (-) Net Charge Hydrogen 1 1 1 1 cation 1+ Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminum Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium