Ethics, Law, and Risk Assessment in Business and Society

Social sciences such as psychology and sociology are different from ethics owing to the fact that they are ________. Select one: a. clinical in nature b. conjectural in nature c. descriptive in nature d. normative in nature Question text Which of the following observations is true? Select one: a. An individual’s ethical responsibility can never run counter to the law. b. The law is very effective at promoting “goods.” c. The law cannot anticipate every new dilemma that businesses might face. d. Obedience to the law is sufficient to fulfill one’s ethical duties Question text A process to identify potential events that may affect the entity, and manage risk to be within its risk appetite, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the achievement of entity objectives is called ________. Select one: a. risk pooling b. risk assessment c. practical reasoning d. theoretical reasoning Question text Identify a true statement about the field of business ethics. Select one: a. It is mainly relevant to decision making within an organization. b. It is rooted in the more general principle of social ethics c. It is not a multidisciplinary field. d. It involves decisions at the individual, at the organizational, and at a broader social and governmental level. Question text Which of the following is a way of saying that a corporation has a set of identifiable values that establish the expectations for what is normal within the firm? Select one: a. organizational policy b. organizational culture c. organizational structure d. organizational code Question text Which of the following observations is true of ethics? Select one: a. It is descriptive in nature b. It deals with our reasoning about how we should act. c. It provides an account of how and why people act the way they do d. It is equivalent to law-abiding behavior Question text Which of the following is a true statement about norms? Select one: a. They provide benchmarks of desirable societal conditions. b. They are underlying beliefs that cause people to choose one way or another. c. They are standards of appropriate and proper behavior. d. They consist of guidelines for bringing about positive behavioral change. Question text Reasoning about what should be done is known as ________ reasoning Select one: a. predictive b. theoretical c. objective d. practical Question text Which of the following best describes ethics? Select one: a. the study of how human beings should properly live their lives b. a descriptive approach that provides an account of how and why people do act the way they do c. an academic discipline that originated in the early 1900s d. a descriptive approach such as psychology and sociology Question text ________ seeks an account of the how and why people should act a certain way, rather than how they do act. Select one: a. Ethics b. Psychology c. Anthropology d. Sociology Jim resides close to Bunton Steel Co., a steel factory. The company has recently implemented changes to its pollution control policy that has adversely affected Jim and his family. This makes Jim a(n) ________ in the company's pollution control policy. Select one: a. associate b. stockholder c. partner d. stakeholder Question text Which of the following elements is important not only to consider the obvious options with regard to a particular dilemma, but also the much more subtle ones that might not be evident at first glance? Select one: a. descriptive imagination b. intentional deliberation c. normative imagination d. moral imagination Question text ________ refers to shortsightedness about values. Select one: a. Inattentional blindness b. Change blindness c. Descriptive myopia Descriptive myopia d. Normative myopia Question text Kathy, your best friend and classmate, asks you to help her with a challenging ethical dilemma. Which of the following would be your first step in the decision-making process? Select one: a. identifying the ethical issue b. considering the available alternatives c. determining the facts of the situation d. making the decision Question text In the ethical decision-making process, creativity in identifying options is also known as ________. Select one: a. moral imagination b. intentional deliberation c. normative imagination d. descriptive imagination Question text Which of the following is the reason why normative myopia is especially liable to occur in a business context? Select one: a. Ethics can justifiably be allowed to take a backseat in a business context. b. Business attracts people from diverse backgrounds, which makes it difficult to identify ethical standards agreeable to everybody. c. People are more likely to focus on the technical aspects of the task at hand in a business context, and thus, fail to recognize the ethical aspect. d. The fast-paced world of business allows little time for contemplation on ethics. Question text Which of the following is the second step of the ethical decision-making process? Select one: a. identifying the ethical issues involved b. making the decision c. considering the impact of the on stakeholders d. considering available alternatives Question text The omission known as change blindness occurs when ________. Select one: a. a decision maker wants to bring about a change on a whim b. a sudden change is overlooked by decision makers c. decision makers are adamant on maintaining status quo due to a fear of change d. decision makers fail to notice gradual changes over time Question text Which of the following conditions makes issue identification the first step in the ethical decisionmaking process? Select one: a. when the stakeholders in the decision cannot be determined b. when the issue is presented from the start c. when the ethical predicament of the situation is hard to determine d. when the responsibility for the decision lies with one person Question text Which of the following is true of inattentional blindness? Select one: a. It occurs when someone deliberately avoids taking a decision about an unpleasant ethical issue. b. It distinguishes good people who make ethically responsible decisions from good people who do not. c. It occurs when people pay specific attention to a particular element of a decision, while losing sight of other aspects of it. d. It refers to the shortsightedness about values.