ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE:
System Disorder
STUDENT NAME _____________________________________
Diabetic Ketoacidosis(DKA)
DISORDER/DISEASE PROCESS __________________________________________________________
Alterations in
Health (Diagnosis)
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
REVIEW MODULE CHAPTER ___________
Pathophysiology Related
to Client Problem
Health Promotion and
Disease Prevention
A state usually found in type 1 diabetics charicterized by
hyperglycemia, hyperketonemia and metabolic acidosis.
May present with electrolyte imbalances as well
Monitoring blood glucose regularly.
Proper use of medications.
Adherance to diabetic diet.
ASSESSMENT
Risk Factors
- Diabetes type-1
- Patients under 19 years
- Physical or emotional trauma
- Stress
- Alcohol or drug use
- Use of glucosteriods
Laboratory Tests
- Blood glucose testing
- BMI
- A1C
SAFETY
CONSIDERATIONS
Expected Findings
hyperglycemia, hyperketonemia,
metabolic acidosis, electrolyte
imbalances, warm dry skin, fruit smelling
breath, thirst, frequent urination,
confusion.
Diagnostic Procedures
- urinalysis
- EKG
- Blood glucometry
- BMP/CMP
PATIENT-CENTERED CARE
Nursing Care
- Monitor blood glucose
- Administer Insulin(s)
- Monitor for dehydration
- Monitor for S&S of electrolyte
imbalance
Therapeutic Procedures
- Insulin therapy
- Fluid replacment
- electrolyte replacment
- Fall risk
- Risk of coma
- renal damage
- dehydration
- electrolyte
imbalance
- Cardiac
dysrythmia
- aspiration
Complications
Medications
- Insulin(s)
- Sodium
Bicarbonate
- Metformin
- Glucose
- Lactated
Ringers
- Magnesium
- Potasium
Client Education
- use of glucometer
- proper administration of
medications
- rehydration w/ electrolytes
- wear medical braclet
- When to call for help
Interprofessional Care
- Dietician
- Endocrinologist
- Primary care provider
- Home health services
- dehydration
- frequent urination
- nausea
- vomiting
- abdominal pain
- swelling of the
brain
- coma
- death