University:
Santa Ana College
Course:
CHEM 249 | Organic Chemistry I
Academic year:

2024
Views:

243

Pages:

1
Author:

Presley Leblanc

Molecular Geometry VSEPR Theory: • • • • • Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory. Attempts to predict the shape of a molecule by assuming that all electron groups (bonds, lone pairs) are as far away from each other as they can be. What counts as an electron group? o 1 single bond o 1 double bond o 1 triple bond o 1 lone pair The “AXE” notation: o A shorthand for the different shapes o “A” represents the central atom o “X” represents the atoms bonded to the central atom o “E” represents the lone pairs How to predict the shape of a molecule o Count the number of electron groups around the central atom o This will be your Electron Group Geometry. You can think of it as the “starting shape”  2 EG: Linear  3 EG: Trigonal Planar  4 EG: Tetrahedral o Count how many of those electron groups are lone pairs o This will be your Molecular Geometry. You can think of it as the “actual shape” o 3 EG  3 bonded atoms (AX3): Trigonal planar (angle 120)  2 bonded atoms, 1 lone pair (AX2E): Bent (angle less than 120) o 4 EG  4 bonded atoms (AX4): Tetrahedral (angle 109.5)  3 bonded atoms, one lone pair (AX3E): Trigonal pyramidal (angle 109.5)  2 bonded atoms, two lone pairs (AX2E): Bent (angle less than 109.5)

Study Guide for Organic Chemistry on Molecular Geometry

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