Week 1 - Introduction to Medical Terminology

Week) 1 Terminology introduction - Eg : Medical ~ Suffix it is - : inflammation ectomy : excision - - centesis Pathy - removal , puncture : disease : - combining form : when combined is ↳ build with complete al Pertaining : o , word medical USUALLY i ; vowel a root word a to , e eg athr/0 : Or AN eg : gast/o Prefix : followed by - Roots : gastr arthr + Tonsil + Placed Suffix : at Prefix : Beginning , the adding end + col changes > - changing or + a body must indicate meaning prefix the of changes the parts hyphen (pre- , post - word meaning fix:precede > a - Word root : Foundation combining form : when is with combined a of a medical term , primary meaning , body part word root vowel a i Rule #1 : suffix a A word that root links begins with a vowel Rule #2 Croot + begins o) to links with Rule #3 form combining A : : a A a a form suffix that consonant combining compound form word (root + 0) links a root to another root Body Structure * used Within the S Positions Anatomical ↳ Term LECTURE NOTES identify to an location accurate of disease body behind ↑ Planes Body 1 . Median P. Median Plane ~ Frontal P . 2 Frontal Plane . 3 Horizontal Plane hair eg : my posterior to . Horizontal P length is chest my outwards Zinwards & > - Body Dorsal · · · · 2nd Cavities picture Cavity-back Ventral Cavity - of front of the body body Abdominopelvic Quadrants RUQ-right upper quadrant RLQ-right lower quadrant LVQ-left upper quadrant LLQ- front left lower quadrant Right lobe of the liver, the gallbladder, part of the pancreas, and part of the small and large intestines Y Left lobe of the liver, the stomach, the spleen, part of the pancreas, part of the small and large intestines Part of the small, part of the small and enlarged intestines, the large intestines, the left appendix, the right ovaryovary, the left fallopian the right fallopian tube tube, and the left ureter and the right ureter inferior . Body Structure Textbook, homework notes vocabulary anterior m · - toward : the front Pertaining Aeror Planes Dorsal Cavities back : ↳ diaphragm of body the body of from passing or front the to back the low a , directional terms planes helps accurate identify to performing when body Subdivided fluid filled spaces : the surgical , and correlate you therapeutic the of locations diseases in the body procedures anatomical between relationship - internal protect and organs (2 main Dorsal and cavities of the contains and brain abdominal and cavities cavities) ↓ ventral num spinal cho a plays important role in breathing the body into organs Quadrants ↳ nine that hold mu Thoracic Cavity (heart digestive body the in body separates thoracic > - ventual : front region + + lungs) abdominopelvic , reproductive + Regions : division : for Quadrants : commonly used to cavity describe the location + subdivided abdominal to + pelvic cavities > - Contains of the many abdominal pelvic + organs more easily anatomical studies by Clinicians to describe Regions on abdominopelvic pain , tumors , other abnormalities (B) (B) Quadrants > - systems (A) * of back below of the Reference : - dividedintospinal ↳ body bodyParts Body ↳ to and Positions : Use locations indicate 2 the to : Pertaining Anatomical Body of n ior : anteroposterior : front · are prefix am Suffix Preview 1. Right hypochondriac - upper right region low located under the cartilage of the ribs 2. left hypochondriac – upper left region located under the cartilage of the ribs 3. White lumbar - middle right region located near the waist 4. Left lumbar - middle left region located near the waist 5. right iliac – lower right region located near the groin 6. Left iliac – lower left region located near the groin 7. Epigastric region located above the stomach 8. Umbilical – middle region, located in the area of the umbilicus, or naval 9. Hypogastric – lower middle region, located below the stomach and umbilical region quiz memorize , Integumentary system ↳ body's and associated protects · terms Epidermis · · depends on the · rich : layer inner binds protect - - hair sweat of skin of medical + other skin covering protective network the from pathogens of the , with capillaries for of the body nourishment dermis the to lies tissues organs glands glands skin beneath underlying follicles sebaceous the (vascular blood vessels with Accessory - the dermis subcutaneous tissue : · of layer composed avascular Dermis · Outer : layers : layer and of the dermis structures organs the of skin , hair , nails , glands nerves · vocabulary outermost underneath skin it+ prevent heat loss specialty harmful of dermatology substances Respiratory System ↳ breathing , system Respiratory · ↳ of consists work the together Ventilation nose , to Pharynx perform , larynx trachea bronchial , respiration , , tubes lungs , , and breathing muscles . into bloodstream . Then breathing Respiration external respiration : (CO2) leaves internal the respiration Oxygen bloodstream : Oxygen is inhaled into and leaves enters the the the lungs and absorbed the lungs bloodstream , in exchange , CO2 enters the bloodstream Respiratory System carbon dioxide Exam * Review Body cavities : fluid #sal : which is the : entral include dividing organs back the brain front the of hollow the and of thoracic abdominal the body spinal body that protect internal organs in the include the cranial, Spinal chord - chord body Cavity and spaces (heart-lungs) pelvic -> has , the abdominal and Pelvic Cavity & reproductive system+ digestive ①RUQ - - ③ gallbladder right lobe liver small t - part of - large intestine pancreas ② RLQ The - Appendix -right -right - ovary I - - - LUQ The stomach The spleen small + left - ① large lobe liver fallopian fallopian tube - left small large intestine ovary left tube ureter ureter Word elements A; An Without , Ent normal not , healthy dys- : pain Brady : Slow Tachy : fast need to layers · ⑨ review in of after the skin of intestine - left part Pancreas LLQ - - - first quiz Cardiovascular system · · · blood Vessels of types : all : large blood vessels Arteries capillaries brandmaller bloodVessels acapillaries tha heart to Oxygenated/blood carry arterioles joining vessels + away from venules small heart return deoxygenated system overview that cardiovascular the of circulation of heart blood to the heart through capillaries bring and it to veins heart the blood of network extensive +an , blood collect that vessels blood from blood veins : Vessels composed that blood : microscopic connect body and vessels depends contractions on (heartbeat Angi0 1 Heart muscle systole: Diastole : Diseases : the Soft embolus : to pain/ pressure severe rhythm blowing sound undissolved matter of heard in the chess heartbeat (process auscultation on (blood clot) travels : elevated consistent blood to through chambers electrocardiography the pressure - listening body with bloodstream damage and values are (EK6 ECG) , : to image the to heart Stethoscope and can block blood vessels and heart anticoagulants : medication blockers : medication Thrombolytics : to medication to graphic prevent slow that and analyze how the working recordings , electrical activity Pharmacology beta of the internal procedures echocardiography (ECHO) : ultrasound technique hearts blood fills with heart vessel hypertension Diagnostic When conditions mild bruit : blood n s contractions between period resting Arrhythmia : irregular a eno J contraction and Angina vessels ra ss o clotting blood heart rate dissolves > - lowers blood clots blood pressure generated by heart muscle Blood, lymphatic, and immune system Main components Plasma · · · Fluid extracellular Erythrocytes : red Leukocytes White platelets · : Blood : Diseases : clotting : blood blood cells cells Anemia red blood blood conditions disorder by deficiency of bone marrow cells Terms Medical Pathogen Antibody Antigen Autoimmune Immunodeficiency Lymphocyte Monocyte Lymphatic + Lymph ↳ immune (neck Axillary (under Iliac systems nodes cervical lymph nodes the arm) (pelvis Inguinal (groin combining Blood · · · · · · Embol/o Erythr/0 Hem/o He mat /o Lenk/0 Myel/0 Forms system Lymphatic & Immune Aden/o · · Immun/0 Lymph/o · · · Lymphaden phag/0 of (RBC) cell Aplastic : failure Stem cells : + /o system to produce Digestive. System Digestive Oral system Saliva Cavity stomat/o3 mouth o dont / 0 3 Salivary Glands ptyal/o = saliva Sial/o = Saliva or 10 dent/o + , Salivary gland teeth gingiv/o-gums gloss/0 lingu /o Small 3 tongue intestine I duodenum : receives to down break partially digested food from stomach and mixes it with digestive enzymes nutrients jejunum : absorbs nutrients from digested food 3 ileum (3rd large part intestine of small intestine) : nutrients are absorbed before entering large intestine Reproductive system vocabulary 3 00phor/0 Ovaris o terms andr/o Ovary test/ salping /0 Y fallopian tube o Orch 10 Orchi/o metr/o hyster Orchid / o uterus uter/0 Vagin men , o ↳ ? vaginate menses , menstration /o = male 3 testis