Macromolecules - Introduction to Biomolecules

Task One – Introduction to Biomolecules (also known as macromolecules) 1. What is your favorite food? 2. What is food a source of? 3. What is a monomer? 4. What are biomolecules? 5. Carbohydrates are a very important source of… 6. The monomers of carbohydrates are called… 7. Lipids are also known as… 8. What are the two building blocks of lipids? 9. What are the three functions of lipids? 10. After you run out of carbohydrate energy, where does your body get more energy? 11. What are the monomers of proteins? 12. What are three functions of proteins? 13. What are enzymes made of? 14. What are two examples of nucleic acids? 15. What do DNA and RNA code for? 16. What is the monomer of nucleic acids? 17. Write out the names of the elements contained in each macromolecule: a) Carbohydrates: b) Lipids: c) Protein: d) Nucleic Acids: Task Two – Molecules of Life Tutorial Opening Slide Tab 18. What are the four predominant elements in biology? ___________________________________________________ Molecules Tab – Fill in the blanks. 19. A train is comparable to a ________________________. A train car is comparable to a _______________________. 20. What are the building blocks of macromolecules? _________________________________ 21. When monomers are linked together, the resulting molecule is called a _________________________________ 22. “Mono” means ________ “Poly” means ________ A monomer is a single ___________________ 23. A train car is to a train, as a _____________________ is to a polymer and a molecule is to _____________________ 24. What are the four main classes of macromolecules? 1) ______________________________________ 2) ______________________________________ 3) ______________________________________ 4) ______________________________________ Carbohydrates Tab 25. What are two important functions of carbohydrates? ___________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 26. What type of complex carbohydrate is cellulose and what is its role in plant cells? ____________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 27. What is another name for a complex carbohydrate? ______________________________________ 28. Where do we get all of our simple and complex carbohydrates from? ______________________________________ 29. Copy the answers to the practice questions within the activity below: a) Carbohydrate: ______________________________________________________________________ b) Monosaccharide: ____________________________________________________________________ c) Polysaccharide: _____________________________________________________________________ Lipids Tab 30. What are three functions of lipids: __________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 31. Lipids are oily. How do they interact with water? _______________________________________________________ Proteins Tab 32. What are proteins made from? _____________________________________ 33. What cell organelle makes proteins? ________________________________ 34. Complete the following protein table. Protein Types Enzymes Function Storage Proteins Defensive Proteins/Antibodies Hormonal Proteins Receptor Proteins Contractile and Motor Proteins Structural Proteins Transport Proteins Nucleic Acids Tab 35. What are the main functions of nucleic acids? _________________________________________________________ 36. How many strands make up RNA? ____________ How many strands make up DNA? ____________ 37. List the three types of RNA and the structural shape of the RNA in the table below. Type of RNA Shape m-RNA r-RNA t-RNA 38. During the Nucleic Acid Practice, Write the statement that refers to nucleic acids in the space below. a) ______________________________________________________ b) ______________________________________________________ c) ______________________________________________________ d) ______________________________________________________ Final Review Tab 39. Copy the main functions of each macromolecule in the table below. Macromolecule Function Carbohydrate Lipid Protein Nucleic Acid Task Three – Hydrolysis and Dehydration Synthesis Video 40. What is the goal of dehydration synthesis reactions? ____________________________________________________ 41. What does the O stand for? _______________________ What does the OH stand for?_________________________ 42. What is the goal of hydrolysis?______________________________________________________________________ 43. What substances is needed for hydrolysis to take place?________________________________ 44. In your own words, explains the differences between dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis. ____________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 45. Draw or insert a screenshot of a picture of dehydration synthesis. Be sure to label all molecules. Near your diagram, explain what occurs during this process. 46. Draw or insert a screenshot of a picture of hydrolysis. Be sure to label all molecules. Near your diagram, explain what occurs during this process.