University:
Texas State University
Course:
BIO 2440 | Principles of Microbiology
Academic year:

2024
Views:

493

Pages:

1
Author:

Nicole Wang

How Do Bacteria Get Energy? Photosynthesis Chemosynthesis Cellular Respiration Photosynthetic bacteria may contain one of two pigments that turn sunlight into sugars for food. Chemosynthetic bacteria use inorganic chemical reactions to create carbohydrates and sugars as food. They are often found in extreme environments like hot springs, hydrothermal vents, cold seeps, or salty water because they are rich with minerals that enable chemosynthesis. They create energy from molecules like sulfides, ammonia, and methane and often this process takes place in areas that lack sunlight. Respiration is the process of releasing energy from food. There are two ways of doing so: Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen and converts sugar into ATP energy within the cytoplasm and cell membrane since bacteria lack mitochondria. Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in cyanobacteria which uses water and sunlight to create ATP energy and oxygen as a byproduct. Bacteriochlorophyll absorbs light of a longer wavelength when compared to chlorophyll. It does not require water and as a result, oxygen is not created as a byproduct. Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen. An example of this process is fermentation. It produces A TP energy in small amounts as well as byproducts like methane gas, alcohol, and lactic acid.

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