University:
Tufts University
Course:
BIO 0041 | General Genetics
Academic year:

2020
Views:

116

Pages:

5
Author:

Brenden Trevino

PAL Problem Set Lecture 7 (Brooker Chapter 3) Reproduction and Chromosome Transmission Section A. Mitosis and meiosis steps and purpose List the step names of mitosis in the correct order. What is overall purpose of mitosis? Do bacteria undergo mitosis? Why or why not? Do mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA undergo mitosis? Why or why not? List the step names of meiosis in the correct order. What is the overall purpose of meiosis? Do bacteria undergo meiosis? Why or why not? Do mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA undergo meiosis? Why or why not? During what phase of the cell cycle do chromosomes start to condense? During what phase of the cell cycle does the nuclear membrane start to disassociate? During what phase of the cell cycle do the sister chromatids separate? During what phase of the cell cycle do microtubules assemble? When do homologous chromosomes separate from one another and move to opposite poles? Section B. Sisters and homologs What is the difference between sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes? Where does an individual obtain its pairs of homologous chromosomes? How much sequence similarity is shared between two homologous chromosomes? During what phase of the cell cycle do sister chromatids form? How much sequence similarity do two sister chromatids share? Do two sister chromatids contain different alleles? What does the term “locus” mean? Section C. Crossing-over What is the general purpose of the synaptonemal complex? When and where does crossing over occur most frequently? What is the result of one cross over event? Two events? Three events? Do you contain single recombinant chromosomes containing parts of both your parents’ chromosomes? Do you contain single recombinant chromosomes containing parts of both your paternal grandparents’? Do you contain single recombinant chromosomes containing parts of both your maternal grandparents’? Do you contain single recombinant chromosomes containing parts of both your paternal and maternal grandparents’? Section D. Meiosis and sex What is the result of Meiosis I? Meiosis II? How does this compare to mitosis? If a diploid organism has 24 pairs of chromosomes, how many chromosomes will its gametes have? From an evolutionary standpoint, what is the purpose of sex? How do bacteria evolve without sex? What is spermatogenesis? Is cell division symmetrical or asymmetrical? What does that mean? How many sperm cells are generated during spermatogenesis? What is oogenesis? Is cell division symmetrical or asymmetrical? What does that mean? How many egg cells are generated during oogenesis? What are polar bodies? How many polar bodies are generated during oogenesis? When an egg is released from the ovary in humans, has it completed meiosis prior to fusion during fertilization? Who do we inherit our mitochondrial DNA from? Why?