University:
University College London
Course:
LAWS0014 | European Union Law
Academic year:

2024
Views:

48

Pages:

2
Author:

Nam B.

Name : Date : 1. Why is pre-accession assistance critical for EU enlargement? Answer: It helps candidate countries meet the Copenhagen Criteria by supporting institutional, legal, and economic reforms. Without it, the scale and cost of reforms would be prohibitive. 2. What are the major instruments used in pre-accession support? Answer: IPA (I, II, III), NDICI, Horizon Europe, Erasmus+, TAIEX, and Twinning, among others. Each targets different needs: legal harmonization, infrastructure, education, governance, or emergency response. 3. How has the approach to funding evolved? Answer: From project-based grants to result-oriented frameworks, placing more emphasis on reform outcomes and measurable progress, making aid conditional and strategic. 4. What are the challenges of fragmentation in support instruments? Answer: Overlapping programs cause inefficiency, confusion, and inconsistent oversight, especially in countries with weak administrative capacity. 5. How does IPA III differ from its predecessors? Answer: It introduces thematic windows (e.g., Rule of Law, Green Agenda) and horizontal priorities like anti-corruption and gender equality, broadening its scope beyond infrastructure. 6. What role does legal assistance like TAIEX and Twinning play? Answer: They facilitate the adoption of EU law through peer mentoring, training, and institutional twinning, transferring best practices and ensuring legal convergence. 7. How does pre-accession aid simulate EU membership? Answer: No. The diversity of state-religion models in member states means the EU can only ensure baseline protections, not impose uniformity, leaving room for unequal treatment. By integrating candidates into EU structures and governance mechanisms (e.g., Eurojust), it builds familiarity and capacity before formal accession.