Manometers Are Used In a Variety Of Industries And Can Measure Pressure And Flow Rate

Liquid manometers, because of inherent accuracy and simplicity, have applications in every industry and laboratory. They are unique in being both basic pressure measurement instruments and standards for calibration of other instruments. Despite their simplicity and wide useage, their principle of operation, the advantages of various types and the basic accuracy factors associated with them are not known by all. The manometer has many advantages in this age of technology. Containing no mechanical moving parts, needing nothing but the simplest of measurements, the primary standard manometer is readily available at modest cost. The principle of the manometer has not changed since its inception, however great strides have been made in its arrangement and the application of the instrument to various industrial measurement requirements. Whereas formerly the manometer was considered a laboratory instrument, today we find the manometer commonly used to measure pressures ranging from as high as 600 inches of mercury to space vacuums. Manometers are used in a variety of industries and can measure pressure and flow rate. Common uses include: Specific pressure monitoring applications Visual monitoring of air and gas pressure for compressors. Vacuum equipment and specialty tank applications such as medical gas cylinders, fire extinguishers. In power plants, mercury absolute manometer have been used to check condenser efficiency by monitoring vacuum at several points of the condenser Used for the research of atmosphere of other planets. HVAC systems maintenance. Meteorological and weather conditions monitoring. Gas pressure monitoring in piping systems Fluid flow measurements Physiological measurements such as blood pressure. Monitoring compressor systems operations. Types of Open Manometers: I. U – tube manometer: Applications: 1. It is used for low range pressure measurements. 2. Extensively used in laboratories. 3. Is used in Orifice meter and Venturi meter for flow measurements. 4. It is used for calibration of gauges and other instruments. 5. It is used for measuring pressure drop in different joints and valves. II. Single column manometer (micromanometer) Applications: 1. specific pressure monitoring applications 2. Visual monitoring of air and gas pressure for compressors. 3. Vacuum equipment and specialty tank applications such as medical gas cylinders, fire extinguishers. 4. In power plants,mercury absolute manometer have been used to check condenser efficiency by monitoring vacuum at several points of the condenser 5. Used for the research of atmosphere of other planets. 6. And many more applications such as in whether studies, research labs, gas analysis and in medical equipments. 7. Some types of liquids used in manometers are toxic and can be damaging to the environment. Therefore, when using manometers to measure or indicate pressure, do not connect any manometer to a pressure that has the potential to exceed the range of the manometer. This could cause the liquid to be forced out of the tube. 8. In addition, since the tubes in many manometers are made of glass and can be easily broken, it is important to use care in handling these manometers. 9. Never operate damage equipment. 10. Meter and its tubing should be free from any breaking and blockage. 11. Electronic manometers do not measure water pressures; under these conditions they will fail. Do not exceed 10 PSI input pressure. III. Piezometer Applications 1. Construction control, stability investigation and monitoring of earth dams, embankments, foundations, shallow underground works and surface excavations. 2. Uplift and pore pressure gradients in foundations, embankments, abutments and fills. 3. Hydrological investigation, groundwater pressure study and water supply operations. 4. Pore pressure studies in relation to waste and environmental applications. 5. Monitoring of pore pressure for soil improvement & stability and for slope stability 6. Reclamation of land in high population density areas in coastal regions for building highways, multi-storied structures, port trusts or recreational facilities. APPLICATION OF MANOMETER IN FINDING SPECIFIC GRAVITY: With the use of U-Tube Manometer, we can find the specific gravity of the fluids using other equipments such as: A. Breaker A beaker is a simple container for stirring, mixing and heating liquids B. Funnel It is used to channel liquid or fine-grained substances into containers with a small opening C. Oil An oil is any neutral, nonpolar chemical substance that is a viscous liquid at ambient temperatures and is both hydrophobic and lipophilic D. Manometer Stand An instrument to measure pressure in a fluid, especially a double-legged liquid column gauge used to measure the difference in the pressures of two fluids. E. Measuring Stick F. Mercury Liquid G. Thermometer H. Distilled Water Used as a reference in making measurements. Used for the manufacture of industrial chemicals and for electrical and electronic applications. Measures temperature or a temperature gradient. Water that has had many of its impurities removed through distillation.