DNA Replication POGIL (All 3 parts) 1. What are the three parts of a nucleotide?: Phosphate, Deoxyribose Sugar, Nitrogen Base 2. What kind of sugar is found in a nucleotide?: Deoxyribose Sugar 3. Which nucleotide component contains nitrogen?: Base 4. Name the four nitrogen bases: Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine 5. What part(s) of the nucleotides make up the rungs of the "ladder"?: Nitrogen Bases 6. What parts of the nucleotides make up the sides (backbone) of the "ladder"?: Phosphate 7. Are the rungs parallel (the ends of the strands match) or antiparallel (the ends of the strands are opposites)?: Antiparallel 8. When one nucleotide contains adenine, what type of base is the adenine attached to on the opposite nucleotide strand?: Thymine 9. The two strands of DNA are held together with hydrogen bonds between the nitrogen bases. These are weak bonds between polar molecules. How many hydrogen bonds connect the two bases from Question 4?: 2 10. When one nucleotide contains cytosine, what type of base is the cytosine attached to on the opposite nucleotide strand?: Guanine 11. How many hydrogen bonds connect the two bases from Question 6?: 3 12. use a complete sentence to write a rule for how the bases are arranged in the ladder model of DNA.: In the structure of DNA, the bases match up in a specific manner; guanine pairs with cytosine, and thymine pairs with adenine. 13. Fill in the complementary bases on the strand below according to the base-pair rule.: T A G G T C 14. Hydrogen bonds between nucleotides form.: 4 15. Hydrogen bonds between nucleotides break.: 1 16. Strands of DNA separate.: 2 17. Free nucleotides are attracted to exposed bases on the loose strands of DNA.: 3 18. What type of biological molecule is DNA helicase?: Enzyme 19. What is the role of DNA helicase in replication of DNA?: Breaks DNA parts 20. What rule is used to join the free nucleotides to the exposed bases of DNA?: Complementary base pair rule 21. This type of replication is called semi-conservative replication. Considering the meaning of 1/2 these words (semi—half; conserve—to keep), explain why DNA replication is called semi-conservative.: When the Double Helix breaks then the new strand get some new DNA and some old DNA 22. How does semi-conservative replication help prevent mutations during DNA replication?: Chance of correct copying in one half is the original. 23. what term refers to loose DNA inside of a nucleus?: Chromatin 24. During what part of the cell cycle is the DNA in a cell's nucleus replicated?: Synthesis 25. During what part of the cell cycle is the DNA in a cell condensed into chromosomes?: Mitosis 26. What structure holds the two sister chromatids together as they prepare for cell division?: Centromere 2/2