Kinematics Review 2021

Online Kinematics Review 2021 Name Per OBJECTIVE: Describe motion both qualitatively and quantitatively with respect to distance/displacement, speed/velocity, and acceleration (Obj 1) and Create and interpret position/time, velocity/time, and acceleration/time motion graphs of objects (Obj 2) LINKS TO RESOURCES: Tutorial: https://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/1DKin/U1L1a.cfm Review Questions (see below): http:// www .physicsclassroom.eom/reviews/1Dkin/1Dkinprint.cfm Answers: https:// www . physicsclassroom.eom/reviews/1Dkin/1Dkinans.cfm * l cut some questions out , so you may need to figure out which question goes with which answer. Part A: Multiple TRUE/FALSE 1. Which of the following statements about vectors and scalars are TRUE? Highlight all that apply. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A vector is a large quantity and a scalar is a small quantity. A scalar quantity has a magnitude and a vector quantity does not. bo h bew* A vector quantity is described with a direction and a scalar is not. The quantity 20 m/s, north is a speed and as such is a scalar quantity. Vt is V* The quantity 9.8 m/s/s is an acceleration value and as such is a vector quantity. * + . d \r . 2. Which of the following statements about distance and/or displacement are TRUE? Highlight all that apply. 1. Distance is a vector quantity and displacement is a scalar quantity. 2. A person makes a round-trip journey, finishing where she started. The displacement for the trip is 0 and the distance is some nonzero value. . 3 A person starts at position A and finishes at position B. The distance for the trip is the length of the • •• b segment measured from A to B. AO ssanlw A ’ 4. If a person walks in a straight line and never changes direction, then the distance and the displacement will have exactly the same magnitude. 5. The phrase "20 mi , northwest" likely describes the distance for a motion.’ vf 6. The phrase "20 m, west" likely describes the displacement for a motion. + . . 3. Which of the following statements about velocity and/or speed are TRUE? Highlight all that apply. _ . . l• Velocity is a vector quantity and speed is a scalar quantity. « or 15 Both speed and velocity refer to how fast an object is moving.^ 3 P0^ • The velocity of an object refers to the rate at which the object's position changes, For any given motion, it is possible that an object could move very fast yet have an abnormally small velocity. v/- cfor 5. The phrase "30 mi/hr, west" likely refers to a scalar quantity, d'vr would be 0 . trip round journey on a object 6. The average velocity of an 7. The direction of the velocity vector is dependent upon two factors: the direction the object is moving and-whether -the -object -is -speeding-up-QC-slowing-down. 1. 2. 3. 4. ' * 4. Which of the following statements about acceleration are TRUE? Highlight all that apply. 1. Acceleration is a vector quantity. 2. Accelerating objects MUST be changing their speed. CoulcA b* jus -F Jvr . 3. Accelerating objects MUST be changing their velocity. 2 4. Acceleration units include the following; m/s2 , mi/hr /sec , cm/s , k-m/hr/m-: 5. The direction of the acceleration vector is dependent upon two factors: the direction the object is moving and whether the object is speeding up or slowing down. 6. An object which is slowing down has an acceleration. 7. An object which is moving at constant speed in a circle has an acceleration. 8. Acceleration is the rate at which the velocity changes. 9. An object that is accelerating is moving fast no V ftec -essarilLj 10. An object that is accelerating will eventually (if given enough time ) be moving fast.rvoT ’ 11. An object that is moving rightward has a rightward acceleration. rf ® 12. An object that is moving rightward and speeding up has a rightward acceleration. 13. An object that is moving upwards and slowing down has an upwards acceleration.if obj . {r slou> i/no dlou>k> rKerv acc*|. v* c 4w is in e3p >. Air of moHtfn **SKIP #5-7 , . ^ Part B: Multiple Choice: Highlight the correct answer. 8. If an object has an acceleration of 0 m/s2, then one can be sure that the object is not a. moving c. changing velocity b. changing position 9. If car A passes car B, then car A must be 1. 2. 3. 4. accelerating. accelerating at a greater rate than car B. moving faster than car B and accelerating more than car B. moving faster than car B, but not necessarily accelerating. 10. Which one of the following is NOT consistent with a car which is accelerating? 1. 2. 3. 4. A car is moving with an increasing speed. A car is moving with a decreasing speed. A car is moving with a high speed. A car is changing direction. 11. A fullback is running down the football field in a straight line. He starts at the 0-yard line at 0 seconds. At 1 second, he is on the 10-yard line; at 2 seconds, he is on the 20-yard line; at 3 seconds, he is on the 30-yard line; and at 4 seconds, he is on the 40-yard line. This is evidence that 1 l 1. he is accelerating 2. he is covering a greater distance in each consecutive second. 3. he is moving with a constant speed (on average). O (0 o t 4 c> X a 4 - v) cj ovpp |'r (5-f ojoj . J £ 15 IW1 - / SK^ 16. Which one of the following quantities is NOT a vector? No d. 20 m/s c. 35 m/ s, north b. 10 mi/hr/ sec, west a. 10 mi/hr, east AvV . 17. Which one of the following quantities is NOT a speed? cx cc -el. b. 10 mi/hr/ sec a. 10 mi/hr d. 20 m/s c. 35 m/ s 18. Which one of the following statements is NOT true of a free-falling object? An object in a state of free fall 1. 2. 3. 4. falls with a constant speed of -10 m/s. 6 yPYV falls with a acceleration of -10 m/s/ s. ( ro uwJ ' falls under the sole influence of gravity. falls with downward acceleration which has a constant magnitude. - ^ lO 19. The average speed of an object which moves 10 kilometers (km) in 30 minutes is a. 10 km/hr c. 30 km/hr b. 20 km/hr kr (ciu / lr - d. more than 30 km/hr 55 mi/hr for 10.0 seconds? 20. What is the acceleration of a car that maintains a constant velocity of v a. 0 d. 550 mi/hr/s c. 5.5 mi /s/s b. 5.5 mi /hr/s 21. As an object freely falls, its a. speed increases c. both of these c tm-S-Veunrl- A.cc«* { b. acceleration increases d. none of these 22. A speedometer is placed upon a free-falling object in order to measure its instantaneous speed during the . course of its fall. Its speed reading (neglecting air resistance) would increase each second by a. about 5 m/s d. a variable amount c. about 15 m/s b. about 10 m/s e. depends on its initial speed. 23. Ten seconds after being dropped from rest, a free-falling object will be moving with a speed of a. about 10 m/ s. b. about 50 m/ s. d. more than 100 m/ s. c. about 100 m/s. 24. A baseball pitcher delivers a fast ball. During the throw, the speed of the ball increases from 0 to 30.0 m/s m/ s2. 3D. 0 - 0 VwfS over a time of 0.100 seconds. The average acceleration of the baseball is lOO Sec C 3 e. none of these d. 3000 c. 300. b. 30.0 a. 3.00 . °a 2 25. On takeoff , a rocket accelerates from rest at a rate of 50.0 m/s for exactly 1 minute. The rocket's speed m/s. after this minute of steady acceleration will be . 6 m s1 = y so a. 50.0 b. 500. c. 3.00 x 103 d. 3.60 x 103 / - * ° - 3oou e. none of these 2 26. When a rock is dropped , it will accelerate downward at a rate of 9.8 m/ s . If the same rock is thrown . ( Ignore air resistance effects.) downward (instead of being dropped from rest), its acceleration will be a. less than 9.8 m/s2 b. 9.8 m/s2 c. more than 9.8 m/ s2