Servant Leadership Answer Key Part 2

52. Which of the following is true of antecedent conditions that have an impact on servant leadership? A. Dimensions of culture will influence leadership. B. Leader attributes are much less important in this model. C. Servant leadership works when conditions are turbulent. D. Leaders must first understand followers’ developmental level. Ans: A 53. According to this leadership approach, leaders should be held accountable for failing to anticipate future trends and problems in the organization because leaders should possess foresight. A. path–goal leadership B. servant leadership C. leader–member exchange D. transformational leadership Ans: B 54. Under what conditions does servant leadership fail to have a positive impact on followers? A. When subordinates are unskilled or uneducated. B. When the organization rewards coercive leader behavior. C. When subordinates already exhibit a high level of organizational citizenship behavior. D. When subordinates don’t want guidance from the leader. Ans: D 55. The concept that servant leaders care about the personal well-being of their followers is best expressed by which characteristic of servant leadership? A. healing B. stewardship C. persuasion D. awareness Ans: A 56. According to the 10 characteristics of servant leadership, stewardship is ______. A. clear and persistent communication that convinces others to change B. attempting to see the world from another’s point of view C. referring to the leader’s ability to see the future D. taking responsibility for the leadership role Ans: D 57. Which of the following is not a servant leader behavior? A. empowering B. behaving ethically C. geniality D. conceptualizing Ans: C 58. In recent studies, servant leadership has been shown to increase all of the following except ______. A. organizational citizenship behavior B. intrinsic motivation C. willingness to help coworkers D. employee turnover Ans: D 59. Servant leadership works best when ______. A. there is a balance of power between the leaders and followers B. leaders are altruistic and have a strong motivation to help others C. leaders use a task-oriented approach D. leaders are willing to leave followers to work on their own Ans: B 60. One criticism of servant leadership is ______. A. researchers have been unable to reach a consensus on a common definition B. servant leadership makes altruism the central component of the leadership process C. there is not enough focus on the role of influence and power in leadership D. a follower’s readiness to receive servant leadership moderates its potential usefulness Ans: A 61. Which of the following is not an outcome of servant leadership? A. follower performance and growth B. organizational performance C. societal impact D. leader empowerment Ans: D 62. Under servant leadership, followers may become servant leaders themselves. This is an example of what? A. organizational performance B. leadership duplication C. follower performance and growth D. societal impact Ans: C 63. Servant leadership ______ competition in organizations. A. increases B. downplays C. prevents D. celebrates 64. What makes up the core of the servant leadership process? A. antecedent conditions B. characteristics of the leader C. servant leader behaviors D. context and culture Ans: C 65. Ray was chosen by his boss to lead a team of coworkers during a companywide project. Ray spent a lot of time getting to know each of his individual team members and fostering intergroup relationships. Throughout the project, the people on Ray’s team developed a deep sense of unity and relatedness to one another. Which characteristic of servant leadership best describes Ray’s methods? A. conceptualization B. building community C. stewardship D. awareness Ans: B 66. Which three antecedent conditions have an impact on servant leadership? A. context and culture, societal effect, follower receptivity B. follower receptivity, emotional healing, creating value for the community C. follower performance and growth, societal impact, behaving ethically D. context and culture, leader attributes, follower receptivity Ans: D 67. Which of the following is not typically involved in servant leadership training? A. self-assessment exercises B. educational sessions C. visualization D. goal setting Ans: C 68. What makes servant leadership similar to the skills approach and styles approaches of looking at leadership? A. It focuses on leadership from the point of view of the leader. B. It focuses on leadership from the point of view of the follower. C. It emphasizes the importance of communication in leadership. D. It accentuates the significance of the leader–follower relationship. Ans: A 69. Servant leaders do all of the following except ______. A. put followers first B. empower followers C. help followers develop full personal capacities D. rely on followers to independently initiate growth Ans: D 70. Helping followers to grow and succeed and creating value for the community are both behaviors most closely aligned with which type of leadership? A. transformational leadership B. servant leadership C. authentic leadership D. transactional leadership Ans: B 71. When servant leadership is practiced, organizational performance is positively affected because ______. A. followers become aware of their full potential B. leaders create more opportunities for subordinates C. subordinates go beyond the basic requirements of their job duties D. leader–follower communication is mutually respected and enhanced Ans: C 72. How does servant leadership differ from path–goal theory? A. focuses on the behaviors leaders should exhibit to put followers first B. is unconcerned with the way leaders should treat followers C. focuses on the need for leaders to perfect themselves before helping others D. makes the need for task completion necessary before relationships can thrive Ans: A 73. Jackson’s boss is Claire who is described as a servant leader. Claire is very skilled at using emotional healing which was exemplified when Claire ______. A. sent Jackson a link to the employee assistance program so he could get help B. insisted on taking a large share of Jackson’s work when his mother died C. scored higher than Jackson on tests of emotional intelligence D. told Jackson to leave his emotions at home so he could be more efficient at work Ans: B 74. Ming’s boss Benjamin enjoys empowering his followers. Benjamin’s empowerment skill was best exemplified when he ______. A. gave Ming a raise for meeting aggressive project deadlines B. supported Ming in her proposal to work from home after her baby was born C. encouraged Ming and her team to volunteer for a local charity D. helped Ming understand a complex problem her team was facing Ans: B 75. Asha is a regional vice president of a multinational beverage company. She is a servant leader, known for her ethical behaviors. Asha’s ethical behavior was best exemplified when she ______. A. was anonymously sent a competitor’s recipe and immediately reported it to the competitor B. asked all of her employees to complete an online ethics training module C. held focus group sessions with each of her regional teams to hear concerns D. gave 2% of company profits to the various urban community foundations in her region Ans: A 76. According to servant leadership, followers will realize their full capabilities when ______. A. leaders nurture them, help them with personal goals, and give them control B. leaders reward everyone fairly and ensure diversity across teams C. leader style is matched closely with each follower’s motivational level D. followers initiate extra-role behaviors with leaders to enhance the relationship Ans: A 77. Organizations that adopt a servant leadership culture are typically interested in ______. A. strengthening their competitive position in the service sector B. training programs for lower level managers who supervise frontline workers C. recruiting employees with high levels of agreeableness D. helping those in need outside the organization 78. Martin completed the SLQ and scored in the low range on three factors and in the moderate range for the other factors. This means ______. A. Martin’s scores indicate that he does not possess the traits to become a servant leader B. Martin is now aware of what he could work on if he wants to become a servant leader C. Martin scored in the low range on the majority of the SLQ servant leader factors D. Martin’s scores indicate that he is likely being too hard on himself Ans: B 79. Which of the following statements is true about servant leadership? A. The servant leadership approach originated in 1970 but research on it has since stalled. B. No consensus exists on a common theoretical framework for servant leadership. C. Servant leadership is used in nonprofit organizations, not in for-profit companies. D. Servant leadership models are essentially lists of attributes with no attention to outcomes. Ans: B 80. The most likely motto of a servant leader would be ______. A. know my strengths B. lead change C. put others first D. serve up results Ans: C True/False 1. Leader courage and humility are two characteristics consistent across all models of servant leadership. Ans: F 2. Servant leadership is not used widely in leadership training programs. Ans: F 3. Servant leadership can be applied at all levels of management in all types of organizations. Ans: T 4. Leaders can both serve and influence their followers at the same time. Ans: T 5. There is a lack of agreement among researchers on what specific characteristics define servant leadership. Ans: T 6. Servant leadership can be effective in any organizational context. Ans: F 7. Follower receptivity is an outcome of servant leadership. Ans: F 8. Antecedent conditions refer to the societal trends that enable servant leadership to be effective. Ans: F 9. The first step in becoming a servant leader is to aspire to lead. Ans: F 10. Servant leadership can enhance group performance by clarifying goals and increasing team potency. Ans: T Short Answer 1. Name four of the seven leader behaviors in the servant leadership model advanced by Liden et al. Ans: Students should answer with any four of the following: conceptualizing, emotional healing, putting followers first, helping followers grow and succeed, behaving ethically, empowering, creating value for the community. 2. Give a specific example of putting followers first. Ans: Students should give a brief description of a time when a leader put his/her own goals or agenda beneath or subordinate to follower(s) needs and agendas. It might mean letting followers take credit for a joint project or listening to follower needs and advancing their agenda above one’s own. 3. State one servant leader behavior that you most identify with and briefly explain why. Ans: Varies. Student will need to choose either one of Liden’s seven (conceptualizing, emotional healing, putting followers first, helping followers grow and succeed, behaving ethically, empowering, creating value for the community) or one of Spears’s 10 and give some supporting reasoning. 4. Think about the main outcomes of a servant leadership approach, according to Liden’s model. What might be a good metaphor for describing these outcomes? Ans: Some examples include ripples in a pond, bullseye, funnel, sound waves, seismic waves, and so on. Students’ metaphors or visual imagery should demonstrate an understanding that the outcomes intended by servant leadership are first directly on the followers then outward to the organization, then outward further to a societal level. 5. Give the words or phrases that best complete the following sentence: Because servant leaders ______ authority to followers, they exercise ______ institutional power and control. Ans: shift (give, give up, afford, etc.); less Essay 1. How does the power of servanthood relate to concepts from French and Raven’s five bases of social power? Ans: Referent power: leaders are liked and adored by followers. Expert power: based on followers’ perceptions of the leader’s competence. Legitimate power: having status or formal job authority. Reward power: having the capacity to reward behavior. Coercive power: having the capacity to penalize or punish others. Servant leadership is more about shared power. Some say it is the opposite of coercive power. Servant leadership might align most closely with referent power inasmuch as followers like and are drawn to leaders who listen, heal, empower them, and put them first. 2. Using servant leader characteristics, how can a leader develop the ability to be a visionary? Ans: Conceptualization: providing a clear sense of goals and direction. Foresight: using what has happened in the past compared with what is happening in the present to predict what will happen in the future. 3. Why might some subordinates not want to work with servant leaders? Ans: Servant leaders concern themselves with inequalities and injustices. Those at the top of the organization will be brought down to the level of those who have less in order to even things out. There is little incentive to achieve higher since everyone is viewed as equals. In addition, some followers may perceive servant leadership as micromanagement and may not be open to the closeness and guidance from their leader. 4. Defend or refute: Servant leadership should be conceptualized as a behavior rather than a trait. Ans: If conceptualized as a behavior, servant leadership can be learned and is available to everyone. Liden et al.'s research identifies seven specific behaviors that individuals can develop to become servant leaders. If conceptualized as a trait, servant leadership appears to be reserved for only a special few who exhibit this trait. A trait perspective lends credence to those who argue that certain people are “called” to be leaders. 5. Explain the process of how servant leadership works. Ans: Focuses on the behaviors leaders should exhibit to put followers first and help them in their personal development. Leaders make it a priority to listen closely to followers and treat them fairly. Leaders develop strong relationships with followers and help them reach their full potential. Servant leadership spreads within the organization and creates a culture of serving others. Ultimately, this culture leads to caring for the community and society at large.