University:
University of North Carolina at Charlotte
Course:
PSYC 1101 | General Psychology
Academic year:

2022
Views:

328

Pages:

2
Author:

esfredint7qo

Unit 1.2: Consciousness, Sleep, Psychoactive Drugs Terms and Concepts  Consciousness  Circadian Rhythm  Sleep stages  REM sleep (paradoxical sleep)  Alpha waves  Hypnagogic Sensations                         o Myoclonic Jerk o Hallucinations Sleep Spindles Theta Waves Delta waves NREM sleep Purpose of sleep o Restoration theory o Memory consolidation theory Effects of sleep deprivation Insomnia Narcolepsy Sleep apnea Somnambulism Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) Night terrors Nightmares Dreams REM Rebound Substance Use Disorder Psychoactive Drugs Tolerance Addiction Withdrawal Depressants o Alcohol Opiates o heroine Stimulants o Caffeine o Cocaine Hallucinogens o Marijuana Major Questions 1. How many sleep stages are there, and how do we cycle through them throughout the night? a. There are 4 stages; we cycle through them 4-6 times a night 2. What is the difference between a night terror and a nightmare? a. Night terror – happen in deep sleep, no memory of them b. Nightmare – happens in REM sleep, remember them 3. How does light level affect our ability to fall asleep? a. Bright light suppresses melatonin, making it harder to fall asleep 4. Why do scientists believe we sleep each night? a. Scientists believe that we sleep to restore energy, process memories, and regulate emotions 5. What are some possible effects of sleep deprivation? a. Mood swings, poor focus, memory problems 6. What is the difference between tolerance and addiction? a. Tolerance – needing more of a substance to feel the same effect b. Addiction – dependence on a substance despite negative consequences 7. How does neuroadaptation lead to addiction? a. Your brain adjusts to a drug, making you crave it more 8. What are the main characteristics of depressants? a. Slows down brain activity 9. What are the main characteristics of stimulants? a. Speeds up brain activity 10.What are the main characteristics of hallucinogens? a. Alter perceptions and hallucinations 11.Give an example of the expectancy effect. a. If you drink a decaf coffee and you think it’s a regular coffee, you’ll feel more alert because of you thinking its normal. For each of the following, write the proper category and a brief description of the effects. Category Effects 12 Alcohol Depressant Slows brain activity, lowers inhibitions, affects coordination 13. Nicotine Stimulant Makes you feel more awake, highly addictive 14 Caffeine Stimulant Wakes you up, keeps you focused, boosts energy 15 Cocaine Stimulant Makes you feel euphoric, leads to paranoia 16 Heroine Opioid Relieve pain and cause intense relaxation 17 Marijuana cannabinoid Feel relaxed and messes with your memory