Japan Japan • October 21, 1600: Tokugawa clan of samurai decisively defeated its opponents at the battle of Sekigahara. • Tokugawa Ieyasu petitioned the secluded Priest-Emperor to grant him the title of Shogun, the Priest-Emperor’s viceroy in all civil and military matters. • From its capital, Edo (now Tokyo), the Tokugawa Shogunate ruled Japan for two and a half centuries. • Nearly total closing to the world⇒seclusion laws: 1. No foreigner could enter nor could any Japanese leave the country on penalty of death. 2. Only inbound ships from China, Korea, and the Netherlands at Nagasaki. 3. Persecution of Christianity (Kirishitan). • Why? Experience of the Philippines. 73 74 75 Consequences of isolation • For two centuries and a half, Japan is (basically) at peace. • Rice production raises. • General improvement in farming and forest production. • Avoids becoming a colony. • Technology gap with the rest of the world widens. 76

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