Electromagnetic Spectrum Review Answer Key

Name: ________________________________ Date: ___________ Unit 5 Waves Review Answer Key Period: _________ 1. What do all waves transfer? Energy 2. What is a mechanical wave? A wave that requires a medium. 3. Give two examples of mechanical waves: sound waves & ocean waves 4. What is a longitudinal wave? A wave in which the particles of the medium travel parallel to the direction of the wave. 5. Describe the motion of longitudinal waves to the motion of the medium. Particles of the medium travel parallel to the direction of the wave. 6. What is a transverse wave? A wave in which particles of the medium travel perpendicular to the direction of the wave. 7. Describe the motion of transverse waves to the motion of the medium. particles of the medium travel perpendicular to the direction of the wave. 8. When you squeeze together the coils of a spring and then release them what kind of wave are you creating? Longitudinal (Compressional) 9. When you swing a jump rope up and down what kind of wave are you creating? Transverse wave 10. What is the electromagnetic spectrum? An arrangement (model) of electromagnetic waves in order of their wavelengths and frequencies. 11. Give two examples of electromagnetic waves: Visible light & Ultraviolet 12. What type of wave MUST have a medium to move through? Mechanical wave 13. What type of wave can travel in outer space? Electromagnetic wave 14. What is it called when two waves combine in the same space? Interference 15. What is destructive interference? When two or more waves combine so that the resulting wave is smaller than the largest of the original wave. 16. What is constructive interference? When two or more waves combine so that the resulting wave is bigger than the largest of the original wave. 17. What is the Doppler Effect? The change in the observed frequency of a wave resulting from the motion of the source or observer. 18. What is reflection? The bouncing back of a wave as it meets a surface of boundary. 19. What is refraction? The bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another. 20. What is diffraction? When waves bend around an obstacle or go through a narrow opening. 21. Sound travels fastest in what medium? Solid 22. Sound travels slowest in what medium? Gas 23. Electromagnetic waves (light) travel fastest in what medium? Do NOT need a medium; fastest in a Gas 24. Electromagnetic waves (light) travel slowest in what medium? Do NOT need a medium; slowest in a Solid 25. What is amplitude? The greatest distance that particles in a medium move from their normal (rest) position when a wave passes. The amplitude describes the energy a wave carries. 26. How do you measure wavelength? Wavelength is measured from crest to crest OR trough to trough. 27. What is the UNIT of wavelength? Meter (m) 28. What is frequency? The number of vibrations that occur in a 1-second time interval. 29. What is the UNIT of frequency? Hertz (Hz) 30. What is period? The time required for one full wavelength to pass a certain point. 31. What is the UNIT of period? Seconds (s) 32. How are wavelength and energy related? The shorter the wavelength, the more energy (inversely related). 33. How are amplitude and energy related? More energy = larger amplitude (directly related). 34. How are frequency and wavelength related? Higher Frequency = shorter wavelength (inversely related). 35. Name the different waves in the electromagnetic spectrum in order from LOW energy to HIGH energy. Radio, Microwave, Infrared, Visible, Ultraviolet, X-ray, Gamma (Rabbits Mate In Very Unusual Xciting Gardens) 36. Name the different colors of the VISIBLE LIGHT spectrum in order from LOWEST energy to HIGHEST energy. Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet (ROY G. BIV) 37. In the wave shown below what is the: Wave travels this far in 4 seconds a. Length of one wave 10 m 6m b. The amplitude Distance from crest to rest: 2.5m 2m c. The period 2 seconds 4 seconds d. Frequency 2Hz 38. Label each image as a transverse wave or a longitudinal wave. Wave A – Longitudinal Wave wavelength 4 Hz Wave B – Transverse Wave crest wavelength amplitude compression rarefaction trough 39. For Wave A label the following: compression, rarefaction, wavelength see picture above 40. For Wave B label the following: crest, trough, amplitude, wavelength see picture above 41. You are creating a wave on a spring. If you start shaking the spring more slowly, the wavelength of the resulting wave will increase / decrease / stay the same. 42. If you are lying on a raft, and you notice that the number of waves that go past the raft increases, you also find that the distance between each crest increases / decreases / stays the same. 43. A person is standing still and listening to a siren sounding an alarm. The frequency of the sound is 500 Hz. The person begins running toward the sound at a rate of 20 m/s. The frequency of the sound the person hears will increase / decrease / stay the same. 44. The bouncing back of a wave as it meets a surface or boundary is called reflection. 45. The bending of a wave as it passes an edge or an opening is called diffraction. 46. The bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another is called refraction. 47. In destructive interference, waves combine so that the resulting wave is smaller than the largest of the original waves. 48. In constructive interference, waves combine so that the resulting wave is bigger than the largest of the original waves. 49. Explain the difference between mechanical waves and electromagnetic waves. Mechanical waves require a medium and electromagnetic waves do not. 50. An ocean wave has a frequency of 2.0 Hz with a wavelength of 10 m. What is the velocity of the wave? (show your work). V=fx V = 2.0 Hz x 10m V = 20 m/s