Politics Answer Note #1

Question 1 - Legal Systems Legal System of Country #1 Legal System of Country #2 Analysis, Insights - Reflection - Which of the two (2) countries is harder to manage? Justify. south Korea and north Korea https://bti-project.org/en/reports/country-report/KOR https://btiproject.org/en/reports/country-report/PRK Answer Legal Systems Legal System of Country Question 2 in relation to the vce study design for global politics unit3/4 2024 provide explanations of relevant case studies for the four national interests in relation to the state actor china Answer In recent years, China's rise as a global superpower has sparked increasing interest and concern in the international community. As a high-achieving student in Global Politics, I have conducted thorough research and have identified four key national interests that China has pursued in its interactions with other nations. These include economic interests, security interests, ideological interests, and cultural interests. To gain a deeper understanding of these interests, I have selected four case studies that illustrate China's pursuit of each of these interests in its interactions with other states. 1. Economic Interests: The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) China's Belt and Road Initiative is a massive infrastructure and investment project that aims to connect Asia, Africa, and Europe through the creation of a new Silk Road. This ambitious project, announced in 2013, reflects China's economic interest in expanding its global influence and securing access to new markets and resources. By providing loans and investing in infrastructure projects in participating countries, China seeks to boost its own economy and promote its own industries. However, the BRI has also been met with criticism and concern, particularly from countries that fear China's growing economic influence. This case study highlights the complex economic interests at play in China's global interactions. 2. Security Interests: The South China Sea Dispute The South China Sea dispute involves competing territorial claims by multiple countries in the region, including China. This case study demonstrates China's security interests in maintaining control over this strategically important region, which is rich in natural resources and serves as a major trade route. China has been accused of assertively asserting its claims through island building and military presence in the area, causing tension with other claimant states and the United States. This illustrates China's pursuit of its security interests and its willingness to challenge the existing international order. 3. Ideological Interests: The One Belt, One Road Initiative In addition to its economic interests, China also seeks to promote its own ideology and values through its global interactions. The One Belt, One Road Initiative, which is a part of the BRI, includes a "people-to-people exchange" component that aims to promote cultural understanding and educational exchanges between China and other countries. This case study highlights China's ideological interest in spreading its influence and shaping global perceptions about its culture, beliefs, and values. 4. Cultural Interests: Confucius Institutes Confucius Institutes are Chinese government-funded language and cultural learning centers that have been established in numerous countries around the world. This case study demonstrates China's cultural interests and its efforts to strengthen people-topeople connections with other nations. However, the increasing presence of Confucius Institutes has also sparked concerns about potential censorship and propaganda, highlighting the complex cultural dynamics at play in China's interactions with other countries. In conclusion, the selected case studies shed light on China's pursuit of its national interests in its interactions with other states. These examples also demonstrate the complex and often controversial nature of China's actions, highlighting the importance of studying the country's global politics in-depth. By examining China's economic, security, ideological, and cultural interests, we can gain a deeper understanding of its motivations and impacts on the international stage. Question 3 1. Do you think globalisation can be reversed? 2. Is globalisation a source of order or disorder in world politics? 3. Why is Global Citizenship Education (GCED) needed in the school and university curriculum in Malaysia? Answer 1. Do you think globalisation can be reversed? As a top-performing university student, I have extensively researched the concept of globalisation and its impact on world politics. In my opinion, globalisation is a complex and multi-faceted phenomenon that has become deeply ingrained in our global society. Therefore, it is not a phenomenon that can be easily reversed or undone. One major aspect of globalisation is the interconnectedness of economies, cultures, and societies across the world. This interconnectedness has been brought about by advancements in technology, transportation, and communication, making it easier for people and goods to move across borders. This has led to increased trade and investment, as well as the exchange of ideas and information. These processes have become deeply intertwined with our daily lives, making it difficult to reverse them without causing significant disruptions. Furthermore, globalisation has also led to the rise of multinational corporations (MNCs) that have a significant influence on the global economy. These corporations operate on a global scale, with production and supply chains spanning multiple countries. Thus, the idea of reversing globalisation would have a significant impact on their operations and the global economy as a whole. Moreover, globalisation has also contributed to the development of international governance institutions such as the United Nations and the World Trade Organization that facilitate cooperation and coordination among nations. These institutions have become integral in addressing global challenges such as climate change and international conflicts. Reversing globalisation would also require the dismantling of these institutions, which may have detrimental effects on global order. In conclusion, while some aspects of globalisation may have negative effects, it is a phenomenon that has become deeply embedded in our world. Reversing it would require significant efforts and would have far-reaching consequences, making it an unlikely scenario. 2. Is globalisation a source of order or disorder in world politics? Globalisation has been a contentious topic in the field of international relations and has sparked debates regarding its impact on global order. Some argue that globalisation has brought about increased interdependence and cooperation among nations, leading to a more stable and ordered world. Others argue that globalisation has intensified power struggles among states, causing disorder and destabilization. On one hand, globalisation has led to the creation of a global economy where states are heavily reliant on each other for trade and economic growth. This has, in turn, increased the incentives for cooperation and the formation of alliances among states. Additionally, globalisation has brought about advancements in technology, making it easier for states to communicate and coordinate with one another. These factors have contributed to a more interconnected and interdependent global system, promoting order and stability in world politics. On the other hand, globalisation has also led to the rise of MNCs, which have been accused of exploiting developing countries and causing wealth disparities among nations. This has led to the erosion of state sovereignty and the concentration of power in the hands of a few dominant actors. Furthermore, globalisation has also led to the flow of illicit goods and activities, such as terrorism and human trafficking, which can destabilize states and the global order. In conclusion, globalisation has both positive and negative effects on world politics. While it has increased interdependence and cooperation among nations, it has also brought about challenges and threats to global order. To fully understand its impact, it is crucial to consider both the positive and negative aspects of globalisation. Global Citizenship Education (GCED) is a crucial component in the school and university curriculum in Malaysia. As a university student, I believe that GCED can equip students with the necessary skills and knowledge to navigate the increasingly globalized world. In addition, it can promote understanding, empathy, and tolerance among individuals from diverse backgrounds, thus contributing to a more peaceful and equitable society. Firstly, GCED can provide students with Question 4 Impact of globalization in Africa negative: the American free visa lottery Answer The impact of globalization in Africa has been a topic of significant debate and concern for many scholars and policymakers. With the increasing interconnectedness of the world, Africa has experienced both positive and negative effects of globalization. Among these effects is the American free visa lottery, which has had a significant impact on African countries. The American free visa lottery, also known as the Diversity Immigrant Visa Program, is a program that grants visas to individuals from certain countries, including several African countries, to immigrate to the United States. This program, which was established in 1990, aims to diversify the immigrant population in the United States. However, it has also had several negative impacts on Africa. One of the major negative impacts of the American free visa lottery is brain drain. Many qualified and skilled individuals from African countries apply and receive visas through this program, leading to a significant loss of human capital in their home countries. This brain drain not only affects the development and growth of these countries but also exacerbates the already existing shortage of skilled professionals in key sectors such as healthcare, education, and technology. Moreover, the American free visa lottery has also contributed to the widening wealth gap in Africa. Those who are able to immigrate through this program tend to be from privileged and wealthy backgrounds, further perpetuating the socio-economic inequalities within African countries. This has also led to a rise in social tensions and resentment towards those who have been selected for the program. Additionally, the American free visa lottery has also had a negative impact on the African economy. The loss of skilled individuals and the influx of remittances from those who have immigrated through the program has created an imbalance in the labor market and the local economy. This can lead to reduced job opportunities for the local population and increased dependence on external sources for economic growth. Question 5 What do you think ust be done by the people of developed countries to help reduce starvation in under-developed areas of the world? Answer As a college student with high marks, I strongly believe that it is the responsibility of people in developed countries to help reduce starvation in under-developed areas of the world. This issue of hunger and malnutrition is a pressing global concern, and it is our moral obligation to address it and support those in need. One of the main reasons for starvation in under-developed areas is the lack of access to basic resources such as food, clean water, and healthcare. Therefore, developed countries should focus on providing aid and assistance to these regions. This can be achieved through various means, including financial aid, technology transfer, and capacity building programs. Financial aid is a crucial step in addressing starvation. Developed countries should provide economic support to under-developed areas to help them improve their infrastructure, agriculture, and overall development. This will not only improve their access to food but also create long-term sustainable solutions to combat starvation. In addition to financial aid, the transfer of technology can also play a significant role in reducing hunger in under-developed areas. Developed countries possess advanced technology and techniques in agriculture and food production that can be shared with under-developed regions. This can help improve their productivity and efficiency, leading to a more significant increase in food production. Another crucial aspect is capacity building programs. These programs focus on educating and training individuals in under-developed areas on sustainable food production, management, and distribution. This will empower them to become self-sufficient and reduce their reliance on external aid. Furthermore, developed countries can also take steps to address the root causes of starvation, such as poverty, conflict, and climate change. By promoting economic growth, supporting peace-building efforts, and implementing environmentally sustainable practices, we can create a more conducive environment for food production and distribution in under-developed areas. As a college-level researcher, I have come across many useful sources that support the need for collective action in reducing starvation in under-developed areas. The United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal 2 focuses on ending hunger, achieving food security, improving nutrition, and promoting sustainable agriculture. This serves as a comprehensive framework for global efforts towards reducing starvation. Another resource is "The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World" report, which provides valuable data and insights on the current state of hunger and malnutrition globally. In conclusion, it is imperative that people in developed countries take action to help reduce starvation in under-developed areas of the world. By providing financial aid, technology transfer, and capacity building programs, we can make a significant impact in addressing this pressing global issue. Let us come together and fulfill our responsibility towards our fellow human beings in need.