Comparison Table on Types of Shock

Comparison Table on Types of Shock Pathophysiology Hypovolemic This type of shock is caused by the loss of fluids from the body. (Nall, 2018) Cardiogenic Caused by failure of either the right, left or both of the ventricles. Leading to inadequate oxygenation of the tissues due to the weak pumping of the heart. Neurogenic This is due to the suppression or absence of the tone of the sympathetic nervous system. Anaphylactic This is a hypersensitivity reaction caused by an antigen and an antibody. (Ignatavicius Septic Septic shock is a systemic response to an infection. Often associated with one or more organ dysfunction. (Ignatavicius et al., 2016) et al., 2016) Due to the body’s attempt to destroy the specific antigen after the body creates antibodies against it. Can be caused by gram negative bacteria or infectious organisms that cause DIC (Ignatavicius et al., 2016) (Ignatavicius et al., 2016) Increased capillary permeability, inflammation, bronchoconstriction, itching, pain, warmth Increase in WBC count and temperature or a rise in C-Reactive protein (Ignatavicius et al., 2016) (Cardiogenic shock 2017) Causes Signs/Symptoms The causes are: Trauma, dehydration, loss of intravascular volume, anaphylactic shock, septic shock, neurogenic shock, severe burns, Caused by: Severe mitral regurgitation, cardiac tamponade, ventricular septal rupture, MI Anything that disrupts the impulse to the hypothalamus. Commonly seen in spinal cord injuries to T6 and above. (Nall, 2018) (Cardiogenic shock 2017) (Ignatavicius et al., 2016) Vasoconstriction, decreased urine output, changes in VS, delayed cap refill, Increase in RR, and HR, change in mental status and Weak thready pulse, tachycardia, dysrhythmias, diminished heart sounds, fatigue, JVD, ascites, liver engorgement, Hypothermia, bradycardia, hypotension, flaccid paralysis below the spinal cord injury, decreased cardiac (Ignatavicius et al., 2016) (Ignatavicius et al., 2016) LOC (Nall, 2018) cyanosis, right ventricular failure. (Cardiogenic shock 2017) Nursing Diagnosis Deficient volume, deficit Interventions: Patient Teaching (for prevention) rate and output (Ignatavicius et al., 2016) Ineffective tissue Ineffective Impaired gas fluid perfusion, activity breathing pattern, exchange, impaired self-care intolerance Disturbed sensory skin integrity perception IV therapy, blood administration, Fluid and electrolytes management, acid base management Fluids, vasopressors(dopa mine), vasodilators (nitro) (Ignatavicius et al., 2016) Fluid replacement, maintain airway and suction as needed, provide oxygen, monitor for PE, DVT, and infections (Ignatavicius et al., 2016) (Ignatavicius et al., 2016) Take breaks from the Stop smoking, heat, stay hydrated exercise, lower cholesterol and control (Ignatavicius et al., hypertension. Avoid any activities that can lead to potential injury to the nervous system. 2016) (Cardiogenic shock 2017) (Ignatavicius et al., 2016) Maintain airway, give oxygen or nonrebreather, give meds via IV and fluids (Ignatavicius et al., 2016) Ineffective tissue perfusion, risk for decreased cardiac output. Maintain adequate tissue perfusion and circulatory volume, eliminate infection, and prevent complications. (Ignatavicius et al., 2016) Avoid any contact Seek treatment for with trigger any infections, foods/materials monitor for infections and take (Ignatavicius et al., antibiotics as 2016) prescribed. (Ignatavicius et al., 2016)