Analgesics Cheat Sheet

Drug Type Drug NSAIDs ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ Ibuprofen (Motrin) Naproxen (Naprosyn) Ketorolac (Toradol) Nabumetone (Relafen) Diclofenac (Voltaren) Indomethacin (Indocin) Opioid Analgesics ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ Oxycodone (OxyContin) Oxymorphone (Opana) Hydrocodone (Zohydro) Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) Morphine (MS-Contin) Fentanyl Methadone (Dolophine) Tramadol (Ultram) Codeine Meperidine (Demerol) Buprenorphine (Butrans) Salicylates ¨ Aspirin Uses/ Types of Pain *Mild-moderate pain & Inflammation ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ Headache Menstrual pain Colds & flu Arthritis Sprains & strains Antimigraine Agents ¨ Celecoxib (Celebrex) ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ Sumatriptan (Imitrex) Eletriptan (Relpax) Rizatriptan (Maxalt) Zolmitriptan (Zomig) Naratriptan (Amerge) Dihydroergotamine (Migranal) Ergotamine (Ergomar) Methylergonovine (Methergine) Methysergide (Sansert) ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ Indigestion Stomach ulcers GI Bleeding N/V/D Dizziness Drowsiness *Moderate-severe pain ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ Acute/ chronic pain Surgery Bone fractures Cancer Dental pain/ extractions End of life comfort Rapid respirations/ uncontrolled cough *Mild-moderate pain, inflammation, blood thinner Headaches Colds & flu Toothaches Arthritis Blood clot prevention ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ *Moderate pain & inflammation Cox-2 Inhibitors Side Effects ¨ Rheumatoid arthritis ¨ Osteoarthritis ¨ Ankylosing spondylitis *Moderate-severe pain ¨ Migraine headaches ¨ Cluster headaches ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ Nausea & vomiting Constipation Respiratory depression Drowsiness/ sedation Impaired thinking/ confusion Itching Addiction/ dependence ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ N/V/D GI bleeding Stomach pain Drowsiness Mild headache ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ Gas & bloating Sore throat & cold symptoms Constipation Dizziness Altered sense of taste ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ Stomach pain Irregular heartbeat Leg cramps Numbness/ tingling in legs or feet N/V/D Shortness of breath Agitation Drowsiness ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ Nausea/ stomach pain Itching/ rash Headache Dark urine Clay-colored stools Considerations ¨ Avoid in peptic ulcer disease, gastritis, and renal or hepatic insufficiency ¨ Monitor for signs of GI bleeding ¨ Ibuprofen can increase the risk of lithium toxicity ¨ May decrease the effects of loop diuretics and beta blockers ¨ Use of barbiturates, phenothiazines, and MAOIs increase likelihood of respiratory depression, hypotension, and sedation ¨ Avoid use with CAD, MI, hypertension ¨ In long-term use, do not stop abruptly, can cause severe withdrawal affects ¨ Monitor for signs of overdose ** Opioid antidote- Naloxone ¨ Ringing in the ears may be the first sign of toxicity ¨ Use caution if using other anticoagulants ¨ Antacids decrease effects of med **Activated charcoal may help in overdose ¨ Can cause GI ulcers, bleeding, or holes in the stomach and intestines ¨ Monitor for signs of GI bleeding ¨ Do not use in those whoÕve had coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery ¨ Can increase risk of serotonin syndrome with use of SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, and MAOIs ¨ Increased risk of toxicity within 2 weeks of stopping MAOIs ¨ Monitor cardiac status as causes increased risk of MI and arrythmias *Mild-moderate pain & fevers Miscellaneous Analgesics ¨ Acetaminophen (Tylenol) ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ Headaches Muscle & joint pain Sprains & strains Colds & flu Fever Toothaches Menstrual pain ¨ Can cause liver toxicity ¨ Should not exceed 3-4 grams in 24hr period ¨ Use with Warfarin may increase risk of bleeding ¨ Can alter blood glucose readings **Acetaminophen antidoteN-acetylcysteine