Endocrine System All Hormones Full Form Exam Chart

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM – COMPLETE HORMONE CHART (EXAM READY) Includes ALL hormones, FULL FORMS, source cells, chemical nature, functions, and highyield exam facts. Formatted clearly to avoid overlapping. Suitable for NEET, CUET, ISC, CBSE, and University exams. Organ / Gland Hormone (Full Form) Hypothalamus TRH (Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone) Paraventricular nucleus Peptide Stimulates TSH & Prolactin secretion Via hypophyseal portal system Hypothalamus CRH (Corticotropin Releasing Hormone) Neurosecretory cells Peptide Stimulates ACTH secretion Hypothalamus GnRH (Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone) Preoptic area Peptide Stimulates FSH & LH secretion Pulsatile release essential Hypothalamus GHRH (Growth Hormone Releasing Arcuate Hormone) nucleus Peptide Stimulates GH release Antagonistic to somatostatin Hypothalamus GHIH (Growth Hormone InhibitingNeurosecretory Hormone / Somatostatin) cells Peptide Inhibits GH & TSH Also secreted by pancreas Hypothalamus PIH (Prolactin Inhibiting Hormone Arcuate / Dopamine) nucleus Amine Inhibits prolactin secretion Prolactin under inhibitory control Protein Growth, protein synthesis, metabolism Excess: gigantism/acromegaly Anterior Pituitary TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) Thyrotrophs Glycoprotein Stimulates T3 & T4 secretion Tropic hormone Anterior Pituitary ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone) Corticotrophs Peptide Stimulates cortisol secretion Derived from POMC Anterior Pituitary FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) Gonadotrophs Glycoprotein Gamete formation Acts on Sertoli & granulosa cells Anterior Pituitary LH (Luteinizing Hormone / ICSH) Gonadotrophs Glycoprotein Ovulation; testosterone secretionICSH in males Anterior Pituitary PRL (Prolactin) Protein Milk production Non-tropic hormone Posterior Pituitary ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone / Vasopressin) Hypothalamic neurons Peptide Water reabsorption in kidneys Deficiency: diabetes insipidus Posterior Pituitary Oxytocin Peptide Uterine contraction & milk ejection Positive feedback Anterior Pituitary GH (Growth Hormone) Source Cells Somatotrophs Lactotrophs Hypothalamic neurons Chemical Nature Major Functions Key Exam Points Stress-related Thyroid T3 (Triiodothyronine) & T4 (Thyroxine) Follicular cells Amine (iodinated) Increase BMR, growth & development Require iodine Thyroid Calcitonin Parafollicular (C) cells Peptide Lowers blood Ca²■ level Opposes PTH Parathyroid PTH (Parathyroid Hormone) Chief cells Peptide Raises blood Ca²■ Acts on bone, kidney, intestine Adrenal Cortex Aldosterone Zona glomerulosa Steroid Na■ reabsorption, K■ excretion RAAS controlled Adrenal Cortex Cortisol Zona fasciculata Steroid Stress response, metabolism Anti-inflammatory Adrenal Cortex Androgens (DHEA) Zona reticularis Steroid Secondary sex traits Weak androgens Chromaffin cells Amine Fight or flight response Sympathetic origin Adrenal Medulla Norepinephrine (Noradrenaline) Chromaffin cells Amine Vasoconstriction, ↑ BP Acts mainly on α-receptors Adrenal Medulla Epinephrine (Adrenaline) Pancreas (Islets ofInsulin Langerhans) β-cells Peptide Lowers blood glucose Only hypoglycemic hormone Pancreas (Islets ofGlucagon Langerhans) α-cells Peptide Raises blood glucose Antagonistic to insulin Pancreas (Islets ofSomatostatin Langerhans) δ-cells Peptide Inhibits insulin & glucagon Local regulator Pineal Gland Melatonin Pinealocytes Amine Regulates circadian rhythm Secreted in darkness Ovary Estrogen (Estradiol) Granulosa & theca cells Steroid Female secondary sex characters Follicular phase hormone Ovary Progesterone Corpus luteum Steroid Maintains pregnancy Luteal phase hormone Ovary Inhibin Granulosa cells Protein Inhibits FSH secretion Feedback regulation Testis Testosterone Leydig (interstitial) cells Steroid Male secondary sex characters Converted to DHT Testis Inhibin Sertoli cells Protein Inhibits FSH secretion Controls spermatogenesis