University:
Williams College
Course:
CHEM 201 | Organic Chemistry: Introductory Level
Academic year:

2024
Views:

297

Pages:

4
Author:

Lillianna Callahan

ChemQuest8 Name:---<�='-+!----Date: _______ Information: Structure of the Atom Note the following symbols: (they are not to scale) 0 = proton (positive charge) • = electron (negative charge) �=neutron (no charge) The following three diagrams are hydrogen atoms: • ' • 0 • CID .-. IH I The following three diagrams are carbon atoms: • • -� . • • • • • � • • • • • • (6 protons, 6 neutrons) (6 protons, 7 neutrons) � • • • (6 protons, 8 neutrons) Notice the type of notation used for atoms: X = chemical symbol of the element Z = "atomic number" A = "mass number" 1 � C, 1 � C, ! and 1 C are notations that represent isotopes of carbon. : H , ; H and � H are notations that represent isotopes of hydrogen. The part of the atom where the protons and neutrons are is called the nucleus. Copyright 2002-2004 by Jason Neil. All rights reserved. To make copies permission must be obtained from www.Chemistrylnquiry.com Critical Thinking Questions i 1. How many protons are found in each of the following: : H ? in ; H? in H ? I �i•.-..,.tl Ii) U)/V1 be r·· - - ----- - --- - - - -· - ··· --- -----------�----------- " Information: Atoms, Ions, Masses of Subatomic Particles The atomic mass unit (amu) is a special unit for measuring the mass of very small particles such as atoms. The relationship between amu and grams is the following: 1.00 amu = 1.66 x 10·24g Note the following diagrams comparing atoms and ions. Atom ••• • • • •• 9 protons ----1�� 10 neutrons • • • •• � • � � ..._ 9 protons • • IO neutrons • 19p 9 mass= 18.9980 amu 19p-l 9 mass= 18.9985 amu Atom . . • Ion ••••• • • • • 12 protons --- ►-l ► � 12 neutrons • . . Ion • • •• • � • • � ..._ 12 protons 12 neutrons • • 24M +2 12 g 24M g 12 mass = 23.9978 amu mass= 23.9968 amu Critical Thinking Questions 10. What is structurally different between an atom and an ion? Note: This is the ONLY structural difference between an atom and an ion. 11. In atomic mass units (amu), what is the mass of an electron? ci 1 (/\ Ill � t V l l "\ ·'\ s �--"~-- --- l � ' q �!.O - ··---:o o o ,; OvM u. l Y\ s, o,e t111-e f • 1,1.i / 0-.v, tfa.l/ 0 e \c\ C�)il (tA + f • {!_ 't. - ((/:. .1? ,, 12. Is most of the mass of an atom located in the nucleus or outside the nucleus? How do you know? \ $, '{ lif\,\ (',\()�( \(IOv\f f Cl ',ft(\,! t"I l,Ul'f\ b,Je.l" \f'{\Q� � V"�t, (AS5i CLnd €) e cJ:r{YI c. - 13. If protons and neutrons have the same mass, what is the approximate mass of a proton and neutron in atomic mass units (amu)? 14. The mass of and 13? 14c 6 is about 14 amu. Does this agree with what you determined in questions 11 15. The charge (in the upper right hand comer of the element symbol) is -1 for a fluorine ion. Why isn't it+ l or some other number? .. 1r,, .. ,,,!'.'jt'(•e � i ,�Ac!• L { l.,( CV\(' V\CC)l'.,;LA..J \1" 8(),_,,t.;t:" C 0/ C ~=" (::, I e' c,f"Y"()/1 16. What is the charge on every atom? Why is this the charge? I 0 \ , 1 I ,,\! +· v"ct, I''\ I) ,·\,__,.,\.,A, C u"'1.t:> rte I !,') (I.,"" lI;" \\,... 18. An oxygen ion has a -2 charge. (Use your periodic table if necessary) a) How many protons does the oxygen ion have? 1/'"', ►·\ft, " ,...,�,,,,, b) How many electrons does the oxygen ion have? JO

Chem Atomic Structure Quest Key

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