Force and Motion Study Guide

Force and Motion Study Guide VOCABULARY: Acceleration – the change in movement Balanced forces – an act on an object without causing a change in the object’s motion Energy – the ability to cause changes in matter ● Potential – is the energy an object has because of where it is or because of its condition ● Kinetic – the energy of motion, any object in motion has kinetic energy Force – a push or pull and can make an object speed up, slow down, or change direction Friction – when you slide one object over another, and the force of friction acts in the opposite direction Gravity (gravitation) – a force that attracts all objects towards each other Inertia – the tendency of an object to remain at rest or in motion unless it is acted on by a force. The force is called inertia. Magnetism – is force of repulsion (the act of pushing away) or attraction between objects with two poles. Momentum – is changed by how fast an object is moving and how much mass that object has Net force – adding of subtracting individual forces gives a combined force. This is called net force. Position – an object’s’ place or location Power – is the amount of work done for each unit of time, it measures how quickly someone or something does the work Speed – a measure of distance an object moves Unbalanced forces – When an object’s motion changes, you know the forces are unbalanced. Velocity – an object’s speed in a certain direction Work –is when a force is applied to an object and the object moves SHORT ANSWERS: What is the equation used to calculate work? Force x distance = work What 3 forces affect Earth and objects on Earth each day? Friction, magnetism, and gravity What happens to an object’s motion when unbalanced forces act on it? Its motion changes If you see an object change its motion, what has happened to it? A force or forces have acted on it If effort is applied and nothing moves, is work done? No What causes friction? Friction occurs when one surface rubs against another Work is measured in units called joules Scientist measure weight in newtons