Chatelier's Principle - Chapter 6+7 Notes

Chapter 6 & Chapter 7 02/14/2022 02/16/2022 Le Chatelier's Principle - relies on the dynamic nature of chemical equilibrium Ex. N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) <=> 2NH₃(g) Initial New equilibrium eqsilibrium Ha 3.00 \[\underline{H_{2}}\] \[\underline{RH_{2}}\] \[\underline{NH_{2}}\] 200 \[N_{2}\] L00 \[N_{2}\] Nadded at Coupled Chemical Equilibria - if we combine two equilibria, we add their ΔG's together and multiply their K's - ΔG is a state function, so Hess's Law is applicable Acids & Bases - Structure of liquid water • Halems are hydrogen bond donors • lone pairs are hydrogen bond acceptors • 2 hydrogen bonds per water molecule - water can act as a base (proton acceptor) + an acid (proton donor) Antidissociation of water Water can act as bath an ad and albase (anghuter) Lone pairs are a critical feature of bases: They behave as R' accepter Os olectronigative, polarising O-Hthe bood to allow H' to be grabbed by a lone pair Autaionizeten \[2H_{2}\Omega(l)\#=\Phi~H_{2}\partial^{+}(\alpha q)*OH^{-}(\alpha q))\] \[\mathcal{R}_{H}=[\mathcal{R}_{3}\mathcal{O}H^{-}]=1.\pi19^{-1}]\] O has 2 Jone pairs has a une p O is mare electronegabee electronegative Cis smaller better ac Better base A