University:
American Career College
Course:
NURS-113 | Beginning Medical/Surgical Nursing
Academic year:

2020
Views:

310

Pages:

2
Author:

do3ran7ut

Anatomy and Physiology ● Four equal quadrants Hollow Organs ● These include the stomach, large and small intestines, ureters and urinary bladder, are actually structures through which materials pass. ● When ruptured these organs spill their contents into the peritoneal cavity Solid Organs ● Include the liver, spleen, pancreas, and kidneys ● Many solid organs, in addition to the great vessels, the abdominal aorta and the inferior vena cava, are found in the retroperitoneum ● Structures through which materials pass ● Peritoneum may become inflamed ● Signs and symptoms may include ○ Abdominal pain ○ Tenderness ○ Muscle spasms ○ Bowel sounds diminished ○ Nausea ○ Vomiting ○ Abdomen may become distended Closed abdominal injuries ● Blunt force trauma results to the abdomen without breaking the skin ● MOIs include ○ Hit by baseball bat ○ Motorcycle crashes ○ Falls ○ Blast injuries ○ Pedestrian injuries ○ Compression ○ Deceleration Injuries from Seat Belts and Air Bags ● If it is to high, it can squeeze abdominal organs or great vessels against the spine when the vehicle suddenly decelerates or stops ● In later stages of pregnancy, the gravid uterus displaces the urinary bladder to the anterior Injuries of the Genitourinary system ● Kidneys ○ Suspect if the patient has: ■ An abrasion, laceration, or contusion in the flank ■ Penetrating wound ■ Fracture of ribs ■ Hematoma in the flank region ● Bladder ○ Penetrating wounds of the lower mid abdomen or the perineum can directly involve the urinary bladder ○ Bladder can be displaced by pregnancy ● External male genitalia ○ Soft tissue wounds ○ Rarely life threatening Questions 1. Bruising over the right upper quadrant could indicate injury to which of the following? a. Liver 2. You should have an index of suspicion that a patient with the patient referred to the right should have an injury to which organ? a. Liver 3. Which of the following are considered solid organs? a. Pancreas and spleen 4. Which of the following signs would indicate that an injury to the kidney has occurred? a. Hematuria 5. You are assessing a patient who reports pain that is tearing and describes it as going from the abdomen posteriorly. What should you suspect? a. Dissecting abdominal aneurysm 6. What is the major cause of death in hollow organ injury to the abdomen? a. Sepsis 7. What is the purpose of wrapping a sexual assault victim in a burn sheet? a. To preserve potential evidence 8. Which of the following is an indication of an injury to the spleen? a. Referred left shoulder pain 9. Which of the following statements is true? a. The higher the velocity of a projectile, the larger the cavity it produces. 10. Where is abdominal injury most likely in young children? a. Liver