University:
Amherst College
Course:
BIOL 281 | Animal Behavior with Lab
Academic year:

2011
Views:

92

Pages:

25
Author:

cheong219cvk

Behavioral endocrinology Early research in endocrinology Castration Castration and Castration and re-implantation transplantation Arnold Adolph Berthold 1803-1861 “secretory bloodborne product” Steroid hormones • Androgens – Testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, ketotestosterone • Estrogens – Estradiol, estrone, estriol Aromatization Endocrine system Releasing hormones Biological rhythms Tropic hormones Immune system Metabolic rate Blood pressure, stress response Blood sugar Hypothalamic-pituitarygonadal (HPG) axis Reproduction Steroid hormones Males Females Testosterone (ng/ml) 6 4 dark-eyed junco 2 PBI PBII NB/E INC YOUNG Stage of reproduction Organizational-activational hypothesis 1. Fetal masculinization 2. Permanence 3. Organizational 4. Dichotomous 5. Hormonal effects on brain 6. Critical period Phoenix, Goy et al. 1959 7. Diverse actions of T Organizational and activational effects Males lordosis Organizational and activational effects Females Organizational effects Intrauterine position 2M F M F M M F M M M 0M 0M 1M F F F 2M Intrauterine position Spotted hyenas male female Female pseudopenis – Full erectile function – Used in displays The role of prenatal androgens In “normal” female mammals: 17β-estradiol aromatase Ovaries Androstenedione 17β-HSD Testosterone The role of prenatal androgens In spotted hyena females: 17β-estradiol aromatase Ovaries Androstenedione 17β-HSD Testosterone Costs of masculinization Costs of masculinization Treatment with pre-natal “anti-androgens” Increased size of opening Decreased penis length age (months) age (months) Long-term benefits of masculinization Maternal dominance rank Pup dominance behaviors Activational effects Seasonal changes Astatotilapia burtoni white-crowned sparrow Changes in social status Case study: ring doves Female builds nest Both sexes incubate, feed young (crop milk) Ring doves 1. Visual stimulus of female increases androgens 2. Visual stimulus of courtship stimulates FSH in female 4. PRL inhibits sexual behavior 3. Visual/tactile stimuli promote incubation Ring doves steroids (estradiol, progesterone) or oviduct peptides (PRL) or crop courtship + mating squab feeding incubation courtship + mating Organ mass Hormone levels egg-laying Ring doves 1. Visual stimulus of female increases androgens 5. Pairs feeds until PRL decreases, T increases 4. PRL inhibits sexual behavior 2. Visual stimulus of courtship stimulates FSH in female 3. Visual/tactile stimuli promote incubation Ring doves Pair separated Reunited, given nest with eggs Pair incubates 5-7 days later Pair together 7 days Given nest with eggs Pair incubates immediately Ring doves Courting male doves (high T) exposed to two types of females: Incubating females Courting females T immediately declined T stayed elevated Ring doves Female incubating clutch of eggs Male only allowed visual contact glass barrier Male PRL increased, developed crop milk Ring doves Gonadectomy Abolishes reproductive behavior in females Little effect on male behavior Restored by E2 + P4 Conclusion? Daniel S. Lehrman 1919-1972

Behavioral endocrinology - Lecture Notes

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