University:
Amherst College
Course:
BIOL 303 | Molecular Neurobiology: CURE
Academic year:

2010
Views:

393

Pages:

11
Author:

rorrasbloglp5

Chemical Biology 03 Oct 18, 2010 Central Dogma –IV Mistakes Happen… x MUTATION = permanent change in genetic material (nucleotide sequence) Mutation = change to DNA Caused by: errors in DNA Replication (1 in 109 mistakes) Chemical abuse (metabolic and environmental) -mutagens other environmental abuse such as UV rays, ionizing radiation If uncorrected, these changes are propagated by DNA replication ex.: consequences of deamina1on of C -‐-‐> U If uncorrected, these changes are propagated by DNA replication ex.: consequences of deamina1on of C -‐-‐> U If uncorrected, these changes are propagated by DNA replication ex.: consequences of Base loss If uncorrected, these changes are propagated by DNA replication ex.: consequences of Base loss Effect of single nucleotide change in DNA (= “point mutation”): Template strand of DNA mRNA protein TAC CGA TTC TTC CAA ATA CGG AUG GCU AAG AAG GUU UAU GCC met--ala--lys---lys---val--tyr---ala Base Substitutions •Silent mutation •Missense mutation •Nonsense mutation TAC CGA TTC TTT CAA ATA CGG AUG GCU AAG AAA GUU UAU GCC met--ala--lys---lys---val--tyr---ala TAC CGA TTC TGC CAA ATA CGG AUG GCU AAG ACG GUU UAU GCC met--ala--lys---thr---val--tyr---ala TAC CGA TTC ATC CAA ATA CGG AUG GCU AAG UAG GUU UAU GCC met--ala--lys---stop Frame Shift Mutations TAC CGA TTC TTC CAA ATA CGG UAG GCU AAG AAG GUU UAU GCC met-‐-‐-‐-‐ala-‐-‐-‐-‐lys-‐-‐-‐-‐lys-‐-‐-‐-‐val-‐-‐-‐-‐tyr-‐-‐-‐ala Deletion TAC CGA TTC TCC AAA TAC GGA UAG GCU AAG AGG UUU AUG CCU met-‐-‐-‐-‐ala-‐-‐-‐-‐lys-‐-‐-‐-‐lys-‐-‐-‐phe-‐-‐-‐met-‐-‐-‐pro Insertion TAC CGA TTC TTT CCA AAT ACG UAG GCU AAG AAA GGU UUA UGC met-‐-‐-‐-‐ala-‐-‐-‐lys-‐-‐-‐-‐lys-‐-‐-‐-‐gly-‐-‐-‐-‐leu-‐-‐-‐-‐cys Mutations also occur in non-coding DNA sequences (only 1.5% of human genome is “coding sequences” (specifies a.a.) RNA mature mRNA

Chemical Biology 03 Cell Communication and Signals

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