University:
Arizona State University
Course:
CHM 101 | Introductory Chemistry
Academic year:

2023
Views:

417

Pages:

2
Author:

esfredint7qo

Nucleic Acids and Carbohydrates Sample Questions What is/are the variable structure(s) of a nucleotide? A) the phosphate group B) the sugar C) the base D) the sugar and the base When nucleotides polymerize to form a nucleic acid ________. A) a covalent bond forms between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of a second B) a hydrogen bond forms between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of a second C) covalent bonds form between the bases of two nucleotides D) hydrogen bonds form between the bases of two nucleotides What is the structural feature that allows DNA to replicate? A) sugar-phosphate backbone B) complementary pairing of the nitrogenous bases C) disulfide bonding (bridging) of the two helixes D) twisting of the molecule to form an α-helix E) three-component structure of the nucleotides Which of the following statements best summarizes the differences between DNA and RNA? A) DNA encodes hereditary information, whereas RNA does not. B) The bases in DNA contain sugars, whereas the bases in RNA do not contain sugar. C) DNA nucleotides contain a different sugar than RNA nucleotides. D) DNA contains the base uracil, whereas RNA contains the base thymine. E) The bases in DNA contain sulfur, whereas the bases in RNA do not contain sulfur. Which of the following statements about the 5' end of a polynucleotide strand of RNA is correct? A) The 5' end has a hydroxyl group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. B) The 5' end has a phosphate group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. C) The 5' end has phosphate attached to the number 5 carbon of the nitrogenous base. D) The 5' end has a carboxyl group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. E) The 5' end is the fifth position on one of the nitrogenous bases. Which of the following can vary among monosaccharides? A) the number of carbon atoms B) the presence of a carbonyl group C) the presence of hydroxyl groups D) the presence of sulfur groups 8) Which of the following molecules contains at LEAST one peptide bond? A) glycogen B) cellulose C) chitin D) peptidoglycan A glycosidic linkage is analogous to which of the following in proteins? A) an amino group B) a peptide bond C) a disulfide bond D) a β-pleated sheet Enzymes that readily break starch apart cannot hydrolyze the glycosidic linkages found in cellulose. Why is this logical? A) The geometry of the bonds is different, and the shapes of enzyme active sites are highly specific. B) Starch is held together by hydrogen bonding, not covalent bonding. C) Cellulose molecules are highly branched, and enzymes are too bulky to fit. D) Starch is held together by peptide bonds, not glycosidic linkages. 39) What does the term "insoluble fiber" refer to on food packages? A) cellulose B) polypeptides C) starch D) amylopectin E) chitin A primary function of carbohydrates attached to the glycoproteins and glycolipids of animal cell membranes is to ________. A) facilitate diffusion of molecules down their concentration gradients B) actively transport molecules against their concentration gradients C) maintain the integrity of a fluid mosaic membrane D) maintain membrane fluidity at low temperatures E) mediate cell—cell recognition