Basic Dart Programming Whats is Dart? A programming language designed to make applications run quickly. Applications made with the Dart programming language are applications that run on the client side (frontend), such as :  Web (Javascript),  Desktop (Dart),  Mobile (Dart) Why you should use Dart  Type safe Guarantees data type consistency  Null safety Provides safety from null value data  Rich standard library Comes with a lot of internal library support  Multiplatform Able to run on various types of devices A simple example of what can be done using the dart programming language Display text "Welcome to the dart programming language!!!"  Main Function o The part that is executed first o Can have the data type void or int o Has the name main  The print command is used to display data to the screen  The result of the above code is Comment A comment is a line of code that is not executed with purpose: - To annotate the code - Prevent commands from being executed There are 2 ways to write comments : 1. First way Preceded by a double slash mark Example: 2. Second way o preceded by a slash and a star (/*) o ends with an asterisk and a slash (*/) example: Variables and Constants in Dart I. Variable Variables serve to store data, variables must have a name and data type  how to create a variable: int score int : define data types score : name a variable  how to create a variable with ‘var’: Using var and followed by the variable name automatically the variable's data type is Null.  Gives value to the variable Using the equal sign (=)  Variable initiation Simultaneous variable declarations and values II. Constant Constants serve to store data whose value is fixed (cannot be changed), constants have names and have data types  how to create a constants: Uses finals, followed by name, and directly graded Data Type in Dart The type of item that can be used in a program or kept in a variable is referred to as the data type in Dart. Since Dart is a statically-typed programming language, variables must be assigned a particular data type at the time of declaration and cannot have their data type modified once declared. Types of data types  Int (integer) replaces var with int and data must be an integer. example:  Double (fractional number) Replace var with double and the data must be a fractional number, for writing fractions use a full stop (.) example:  Bool (true or false) Replacing var with bool must be true or false  String (text) Replaces var with string and the data must be text, to use string data type, the text writing begins and ends with quotation marks. Operator in Dart Used for data processing operations, and the data being managed is called the operand. types of Operator in Dart  Arithmetic For mathematical calculations o (+) Used to summation o (-) Used to subtraction o (*) Used to multiplication o (/) Used to division o (%) Used to The modulo operation returns the division remainder of two operands  Assignment Assigns a value to a variable o (=) Used to assign a value to a variable. o (+=) Used to add the value of a variable with another value and then save the result back to the variable. o (-=) Used to subtract the value of a variable with another value and then save the result back to the variable. o (*=) Used to multiply the value of a variable with another value and then save the result back to the variable. o (/=) Used to multiply the value of a variable with another value and then save the result back to the variable. o (%=) Used to calculate the remainder of dividing a variable value by another value and then saving the result back to the variable.  Comparison Compares with an equality value o (==) Used to check the similarity between two values. o (<) Used to check whether the value on the left is less than the value on the right. o (<=) Used to check whether the value on the left is less than or equal to the value on the right. o (>) Used to check if the value on the left is greater than the value on the right. o (>=) Used to check if the value on the left is greater than or equal to the value on the right.  Logical Logical operators are used in program flow control expressions and make it possible to make decisions based on certain conditions. For example, in if, while, or for statements, logical operators are used to determine whether a block of code should be executed or not. Combines several conditions o (&&) Used to return true only if both operands are true. If one or both operands are false, the result is false. o (||) Used to return true if at least one of the two operands is true. If both operands are false, the result is false. o (!) Used to return the opposite of the operand value. If the operand is true, the result is false; if the operand is false, the result is true.