University:
Boston University
Course:
CAS EC 203 | Empirical Economics 1
Academic year:

2023
Views:

155

Pages:

12
Author:

Brenden Trevino

Electrifying U.S. Industry Partners: Global Efficiency Intelligence and Renewable Thermal Collaborative Supported by: Energy Foundation Project Goal: Accelerate electrification in the industrial sector. How: • Conducted bottom up subsector, systems, and technology-level analysis for electrification of 13 subsectors • Conducted survey of industrial plants regarding barriers and drivers for electrification • Developed an Action Plan for scaling up electrification in industry. • The RTC, GEI and RTC industrial partners will promote this Action Plan with key stakeholders, including: • Industrial companies • Electric utilities • Policy makers and regulators • Key opinion leaders U.S. manufacturing energy use by end uses (Trillion Btu) Source: US DOE 2019- manufacturing energy footprints Industrial heat demand profile Two-thirds of process heat is used in the U.S. industry is for applications below 300°C (572°F) Figure a: Share of industrial head demand by temperature in selected industries Source: Caludia et al., 2008; McMillan, 2019 Figure b. Cumulative process heat demand by temperature in 2014 Bottom-up analysis method Step1 Step2 • Detailed analysis of existing heating system • Selection of suitable electrification technology • Process integration assessment with new electrified heating technology Step3 • Calculation of changes in energy use and GHG Step 4 emissions and cost implications No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Industry Aluminum casting Ammonia Methanol Recycled plastic Paper (from virgin pulp) Recycled paper Container Glass Steel Beer Beet Sugar Milk powder Wet corn milling 13 Soybean oil Electrification of all industrial boilers Electrification of the Container Glass industry in the U.S. Conventional System Process Heating Equipment Electrically-powered mixer/crusher Gas-fired furnace Forehearth and forming equipment Gas-fired Anealing lehr All Electric Process Electrical Thermal Demand Demand (kWh/tonne) (kWh/tonne) Process steps Electrical Demand (kWh/tonne) Heating Equipment 161.0 0.0 Mixing 161.0 204.0 1150.0 860.0 26.0 105.0 104.0 Electric forehearths 25.0 210.0 183.0 Electric Anealing lehr 416.0 1465.0 Melting Conditioning & Forming Poat Forming(Annealing) Sum Total Energy Electrically-powered mixer/crusher Electric glass melter 1881 1308.0 1308 Electrification of the Container Glass industry in the U.S. Change in total final energy use after electrification in U.S. Change in net CO2 emissions after electrification in U.S. Note: This is the technical potential assuming 100% adoption rate in the U.S. Emission factor for grid electricity in US (kgCO2/MWh) 2019 2030 2040 414 207 103 2050 0 Electrification of the Container Glass industry in the U.S. Comparison of energy cost per tonne of glass Note: The error bars show the energy cost per unit of production when unit price of electricity is reduced by 50%. Average unit price of electricity for 2019 industry in U.S. (2017 US$/kWh) Average unit price of Coal for 0.072 U.S. (2017 US$/kWh) 0.015 industry in U.S. (2017 US$/kWh) Average unit price of NG for industry in 0.014 2050 0.073 0.018 0.020 Electrification of all industrial conventional boilers in the U.S. Figure A. Estimated share of boilers energy use as a percent of total fuel consumption in the U.S. industry (US DOE, 2017) Figure B. Estimated final energy use in conventional and electric steam boilers in the U.S. industrial sectors Electrification of all industrial conventional boilers in the U.S. Change in total final energy use after electrification in U.S. Change in net CO2 emissions after electrification in U.S. Note: This is the technical potential assuming 100% adoption rate in the U.S. Emission factor for grid electricity in US (kgCO2/MWh) 2019 2030 2040 414 207 103 2050 0 Electrification of all industrial conventional boilers in the U.S. Average unit price of electricity for industry in U.S. (2017 US$/kWh) Average unit price of NG for industry in U.S. (2017 US$/kWh) 2019 2050 0.072 0.073 0.015 0.020 Results for all studied sectors in 2050 Our report also covers • Barriers and Opportunities for Industrial Electrification • Technology Action Plan • • • • • • Technology RD&D Electrification Economics Education Policy Development Workforce Development Public-Private Partnerships