University:
Boston University
Course:
GMS AN 708 | Clinical Anatomy
Academic year:

2023
Views:

389

Pages:

5
Author:

SpaceCadet101

"Xenobiotics" • Foreign to human cells • Exogenous xenobiotics : Drugs insecticides Smoking Food additives inhalational hydrocarbong Carcinogen • Endoge. 'ar: Xenobiotics : Steroids Bilirubin fatty acids eicosanoids • Biotransformation : Conversion of microsomal water insoluble Xenobiotic in liver SER to water soluble inactive/substances to be excreted in urine and bile. Bio Lransformation Phase I: Hydroxylation liver Phase II: Conjugation Drug Ros kHz *Phase I = Hydroxylation 02 NADPAN NADP H20 R-H Drug Insoluble" cytochromp P450 -monoxygenase ROH "Solubility - metabolic activation •Properties of cytochrome P450 Inducible enzyme q Heme enzyme Q ③absort light at 450 nm ④ called mixed function oxidase ⑤6 classes of cytochrome Puso Notes regarding Phase I cyt-Puso" of blotransformation Benzo (a) Pyrene liver↓ Epoxide hydrolaip cyl-Pus ✓ microsomal cyl-P450 For hydroxybation •liver, lungs. intestine, kidney brain mitochondrial cyt-Puso for: •vit. Dactivation Steroid Synthesis oxygen inactivation Dihydro- diol Inactiven (epoxide DNA mutation Vo metabolic activation Pro drug CytPuso liver drug Enalapril SER >Enalaprilate Pro Carcinogen. Cyt. P450 Carcinogen •Some drugs enter directly to phase II Phase I also contain oxidation, reduction and hydrolysis acetyl Salicylate Aspirin Hydrolysis acetale Salicylate + Hydrolase •liver, SER Excreted in Urine • Phase II Conjugation • Luuses metabolic inactivation • rarely leads to activation Glucuronidation liver.SER Bilirubin UDP-glucuronyl Transferasp Inducible Benzoic acid aniling 20DP-gheratonic acid 2000 Coo alcoho Barbiturale ②Sulfation Steroids alcohols Phenols Glycolipids, Glycoproteins 3 phospho adenosine 5 phospho Sul fale PAPS Fotransferase xenobiolik Inactiur ③ Glutathione liver.SER* Nalu • Giutainic -2 So Carcinogens and acetaminophens • Bound to drugs by Glutathione-s-transferasp If glutathione failed to bind xenobiotic, the xenobistic will Gind protein, DNA of cell cell injury 4 methylation SAM Epmephrine SAM Serotonin Amines Transferase meta- nephrimp Furine Benzoik acid + glycine. Hippuric acid Xenobiotic A cetylation CH3-CP-COA Nitrogen: Drugs Isoniazide Aretylcon COA acetyl Transferase -CH3 Isoniazide Cell injury bind DNA RNA, Protein antigenic Drug Haplen Penicilli Carcinogen mutation Stimulate antibody Formation → systemic lupus erythematolls... Slow acetylation may lead to SLE"