University:
California State University, Los Angeles
Course:
BIOL 1010 | General Biology
Academic year:

2024
Views:

98

Pages:

2
Author:

Zea H.

BIOLOGY NOTES & CHEAT SHEET Reproductive Biology Summary: history of plant life on Earth, plant evolution, and past ecosystems. Key Points:  Reproductive biology examines the processes of reproduction in organisms, including the mechanisms of fertilization, development, and sexual and asexual reproduction. Key concepts include sexual selection, reproductive strategies, and reproductive technologies.  Plant fossils include petrified wood, leaves, and impressions in rocks, which reveal information about ancient plant forms and adaptations. Paleobotanists use fossils to reconstruct past environments, study plant evolution, and understand plant-animal interactions in ancient ecosystems. Key Points:     Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes (sperm and egg) and results in genetic diversity. Asexual reproduction involves the creation of offspring without gamete fusion and is common in many organisms. Reproductive strategies vary among species and are influenced by factors such as mating behavior and parental care. Reproductive technologies include assisted reproductive techniques used in humans and breeding programs in agriculture. Paleobotany Conservation Genetics Summary: Conservation genetics focuses on the genetic aspects of conserving endangered species and maintaining biodiversity. It involves genetic diversity, population genetics, and strategies for preserving genetic variation. Key Points:   Summary: Paleobotany is the study of ancient plants through the examination of plant fossils. It provides insights into the  Genetic diversity within a population is essential for adaptation to changing environmental conditions and disease resistance. Population genetics studies the genetic composition and dynamics of populations, including gene flow and genetic drift. Conservation genetics aims to develop strategies for maintaining genetic diversity in threatened species, such as captive breeding and translocation. Biogeochemistry Summary: Biogeochemistry explores the cycling of elements, such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, through ecosystems. It investigates how living organisms, geology, and chemistry interact to influence nutrient cycles. extremophiles, habitable zones, and the potential for life on other planets. Key Points:    Key Points:     Nutrient cycles involve the movement of elements between living organisms, the atmosphere, soil, and water. Carbon cycling includes processes like photosynthesis and respiration and plays a crucial role in climate regulation. Nitrogen cycling is essential for protein and DNA synthesis and is influenced by nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Phosphorus cycling is critical for ATP production and is often a limiting factor in ecosystems. Astrobiology Summary: Astrobiology is the study of life in the universe, including the search for extraterrestrial life and the conditions necessary for life to exist. It explores Extremophiles are organisms that thrive in extreme environments, such as deepsea hydrothermal vents and acidic hot springs. Habitability factors for life include liquid water, energy sources, and stable environments. Astrobiology seeks to understand the potential for life on Mars, Europa (moon of Jupiter), and other celestial bodies.